The Contribution of Resident Vascular Stem Cells to Arterial Pathology
Intimal accumulation of smooth muscle cells contributes to the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions and restenosis following endovascular procedures. Arterial smooth muscle cells display heterogeneous phenotypes in both physiological and pathological conditions. In response to inju...
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Korean Society for Stem Cell Research
2015
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| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4445704/ |
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pubmed-44457042015-06-01 The Contribution of Resident Vascular Stem Cells to Arterial Pathology Orlandi, Augusto Review Article Intimal accumulation of smooth muscle cells contributes to the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions and restenosis following endovascular procedures. Arterial smooth muscle cells display heterogeneous phenotypes in both physiological and pathological conditions. In response to injury, dedifferentiated or synthetic smooth muscle cells proliferate and migrate from the tunica media into the intima. As a consequence, smooth muscle cells in vascular lesions show a prevalent dedifferentiated phenotype compared to the contractile appearance of normal media smooth muscle cells. The discovery of abundant stem antigen-expressing cells in vascular lesions also rarely detected in the tunica media of normal adult vessels stimulated a great scientific debate concerning the possibility that proliferating vascular wall-resident stem cells accumulate into the neointima and contribute to the progression of lesions. Although several experimental studies support this hypothesis, others researchers suggest a positive effect of stem cells on plaque stabilization. So, the real contribute of vascular wall-resident stem cells to pathological vascular remodelling needs further investigation. This review will examine the evidence and the contribution of vascular wall-resident stem cells to arterial pathobiology, in order to address future investigations as potential therapeutic target to prevent the progression of vascular diseases. Korean Society for Stem Cell Research 2015-05 /pmc/articles/PMC4445704/ /pubmed/26019750 http://dx.doi.org/10.15283/ijsc.2015.8.1.9 Text en Copyright ©2015, Korean Society for Stem Cell Research This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| repository_type |
Open Access Journal |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
US National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| building |
NCBI PubMed |
| collection |
Online Access |
| language |
English |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Orlandi, Augusto |
| spellingShingle |
Orlandi, Augusto The Contribution of Resident Vascular Stem Cells to Arterial Pathology |
| author_facet |
Orlandi, Augusto |
| author_sort |
Orlandi, Augusto |
| title |
The Contribution of Resident Vascular Stem Cells to Arterial Pathology |
| title_short |
The Contribution of Resident Vascular Stem Cells to Arterial Pathology |
| title_full |
The Contribution of Resident Vascular Stem Cells to Arterial Pathology |
| title_fullStr |
The Contribution of Resident Vascular Stem Cells to Arterial Pathology |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Contribution of Resident Vascular Stem Cells to Arterial Pathology |
| title_sort |
contribution of resident vascular stem cells to arterial pathology |
| description |
Intimal accumulation of smooth muscle cells contributes to the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions and restenosis following endovascular procedures. Arterial smooth muscle cells display heterogeneous phenotypes in both physiological and pathological conditions. In response to injury, dedifferentiated or synthetic smooth muscle cells proliferate and migrate from the tunica media into the intima. As a consequence, smooth muscle cells in vascular lesions show a prevalent dedifferentiated phenotype compared to the contractile appearance of normal media smooth muscle cells. The discovery of abundant stem antigen-expressing cells in vascular lesions also rarely detected in the tunica media of normal adult vessels stimulated a great scientific debate concerning the possibility that proliferating vascular wall-resident stem cells accumulate into the neointima and contribute to the progression of lesions. Although several experimental studies support this hypothesis, others researchers suggest a positive effect of stem cells on plaque stabilization. So, the real contribute of vascular wall-resident stem cells to pathological vascular remodelling needs further investigation. This review will examine the evidence and the contribution of vascular wall-resident stem cells to arterial pathobiology, in order to address future investigations as potential therapeutic target to prevent the progression of vascular diseases. |
| publisher |
Korean Society for Stem Cell Research |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4445704/ |
| _version_ |
1613228266982735872 |