Prefrontal, posterior parietal and sensorimotor network activity underlying speed control during walking

Accumulating evidence suggests cortical circuits may contribute to control of human locomotion. Here, noninvasive electroencephalography (EEG) recorded from able-bodied volunteers during a novel treadmill walking paradigm was used to assess neural correlates of walking. A systematic processing metho...

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Main Authors:	Bulea, Thomas C., Kim, Jonghyun, Damiano, Diane L., Stanley, Christopher J., Park, Hyung-Soon
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4429238/

id	pubmed-4429238
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-44292382015-05-29 Prefrontal, posterior parietal and sensorimotor network activity underlying speed control during walking Bulea, Thomas C. Kim, Jonghyun Damiano, Diane L. Stanley, Christopher J. Park, Hyung-Soon Neuroscience Accumulating evidence suggests cortical circuits may contribute to control of human locomotion. Here, noninvasive electroencephalography (EEG) recorded from able-bodied volunteers during a novel treadmill walking paradigm was used to assess neural correlates of walking. A systematic processing method, including a recently developed subspace reconstruction algorithm, reduced movement-related EEG artifact prior to independent component analysis and dipole source localization. We quantified cortical activity while participants tracked slow and fast target speeds across two treadmill conditions: an active mode that adjusted belt speed based on user movements and a passive mode reflecting a typical treadmill. Our results reveal frequency specific, multi-focal task related changes in cortical oscillations elicited by active walking. Low γ band power, localized to the prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices, was significantly increased during double support and early swing phases, critical points in the gait cycle since the active controller adjusted speed based on pelvis position and swing foot velocity. These phasic γ band synchronizations provide evidence that prefrontal and posterior parietal networks, previously implicated in visuo-spatial and somotosensory integration, are engaged to enhance lower limb control during gait. Sustained μ and β band desynchronization within sensorimotor cortex, a neural correlate for movement, was observed during walking thereby validating our methods for isolating cortical activity. Our results also demonstrate the utility of EEG recorded during locomotion for probing the multi-regional cortical networks which underpin its execution. For example, the cortical network engagement elicited by the active treadmill suggests that it may enhance neuroplasticity for more effective motor training. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-05-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4429238/ /pubmed/26029077 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00247 Text en Copyright © 2015 Bulea, Kim, Damiano, Stanley and Park. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Bulea, Thomas C. Kim, Jonghyun Damiano, Diane L. Stanley, Christopher J. Park, Hyung-Soon
spellingShingle	Bulea, Thomas C. Kim, Jonghyun Damiano, Diane L. Stanley, Christopher J. Park, Hyung-Soon Prefrontal, posterior parietal and sensorimotor network activity underlying speed control during walking
author_facet	Bulea, Thomas C. Kim, Jonghyun Damiano, Diane L. Stanley, Christopher J. Park, Hyung-Soon
author_sort	Bulea, Thomas C.
title	Prefrontal, posterior parietal and sensorimotor network activity underlying speed control during walking
title_short	Prefrontal, posterior parietal and sensorimotor network activity underlying speed control during walking
title_full	Prefrontal, posterior parietal and sensorimotor network activity underlying speed control during walking
title_fullStr	Prefrontal, posterior parietal and sensorimotor network activity underlying speed control during walking
title_full_unstemmed	Prefrontal, posterior parietal and sensorimotor network activity underlying speed control during walking
title_sort	prefrontal, posterior parietal and sensorimotor network activity underlying speed control during walking
description	Accumulating evidence suggests cortical circuits may contribute to control of human locomotion. Here, noninvasive electroencephalography (EEG) recorded from able-bodied volunteers during a novel treadmill walking paradigm was used to assess neural correlates of walking. A systematic processing method, including a recently developed subspace reconstruction algorithm, reduced movement-related EEG artifact prior to independent component analysis and dipole source localization. We quantified cortical activity while participants tracked slow and fast target speeds across two treadmill conditions: an active mode that adjusted belt speed based on user movements and a passive mode reflecting a typical treadmill. Our results reveal frequency specific, multi-focal task related changes in cortical oscillations elicited by active walking. Low γ band power, localized to the prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices, was significantly increased during double support and early swing phases, critical points in the gait cycle since the active controller adjusted speed based on pelvis position and swing foot velocity. These phasic γ band synchronizations provide evidence that prefrontal and posterior parietal networks, previously implicated in visuo-spatial and somotosensory integration, are engaged to enhance lower limb control during gait. Sustained μ and β band desynchronization within sensorimotor cortex, a neural correlate for movement, was observed during walking thereby validating our methods for isolating cortical activity. Our results also demonstrate the utility of EEG recorded during locomotion for probing the multi-regional cortical networks which underpin its execution. For example, the cortical network engagement elicited by the active treadmill suggests that it may enhance neuroplasticity for more effective motor training.
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2015
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4429238/
_version_	1613222584285921280

Prefrontal, posterior parietal and sensorimotor network activity underlying speed control during walking

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