Musical tasks targeting preserved and impaired functions in two dementias

Studies of musical abilities in dementia have for the most part been rather general assessments of abilities, for instance, assessing retention of music learned premorbidly. Here, we studied patients with dementias with contrasting cognitive profiles to explore specific aspects of music cognition un...

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Main Authors:	Halpern, Andrea R, Golden, Hannah L, Magdalinou, Nadia, Witoonpanich, Pirada, Warren, Jason D
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2015
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4401999/

id	pubmed-4401999
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-44019992015-04-22 Musical tasks targeting preserved and impaired functions in two dementias Halpern, Andrea R Golden, Hannah L Magdalinou, Nadia Witoonpanich, Pirada Warren, Jason D Original Articles Studies of musical abilities in dementia have for the most part been rather general assessments of abilities, for instance, assessing retention of music learned premorbidly. Here, we studied patients with dementias with contrasting cognitive profiles to explore specific aspects of music cognition under challenge. Patients suffered from Alzheimer's disease (AD), in which a primary impairment is in forming new declarative memories, or Lewy body disease (PD/LBD), a type of parkinsonism in which executive impairments are prominent. In the AD patients, we examined musical imagery. Behavioral and neural evidence confirms involvement of perceptual networks in imagery, and these are relatively spared in early stages of the illness. Thus, we expected patients to have relatively intact imagery in a mental pitch comparison task. For the LBD patients, we tested whether executive dysfunction would extend to music. We probed inhibitory skills by asking for a speeded pitch or timbre judgment when the irrelevant dimension was held constant or also changed. Preliminary results show that AD patients score similarly to controls in the imagery tasks, but PD/LBD patients are impaired relative to controls in suppressing some irrelevant musical dimensions, particularly when the required judgment varies from trial to trial. BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2015-03 2015-03-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4401999/ /pubmed/25773640 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12616 Text en © 2014 The Authors. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences published by Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of The New York Academy of Sciences. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Halpern, Andrea R Golden, Hannah L Magdalinou, Nadia Witoonpanich, Pirada Warren, Jason D
spellingShingle	Halpern, Andrea R Golden, Hannah L Magdalinou, Nadia Witoonpanich, Pirada Warren, Jason D Musical tasks targeting preserved and impaired functions in two dementias
author_facet	Halpern, Andrea R Golden, Hannah L Magdalinou, Nadia Witoonpanich, Pirada Warren, Jason D
author_sort	Halpern, Andrea R
title	Musical tasks targeting preserved and impaired functions in two dementias
title_short	Musical tasks targeting preserved and impaired functions in two dementias
title_full	Musical tasks targeting preserved and impaired functions in two dementias
title_fullStr	Musical tasks targeting preserved and impaired functions in two dementias
title_full_unstemmed	Musical tasks targeting preserved and impaired functions in two dementias
title_sort	musical tasks targeting preserved and impaired functions in two dementias
description	Studies of musical abilities in dementia have for the most part been rather general assessments of abilities, for instance, assessing retention of music learned premorbidly. Here, we studied patients with dementias with contrasting cognitive profiles to explore specific aspects of music cognition under challenge. Patients suffered from Alzheimer's disease (AD), in which a primary impairment is in forming new declarative memories, or Lewy body disease (PD/LBD), a type of parkinsonism in which executive impairments are prominent. In the AD patients, we examined musical imagery. Behavioral and neural evidence confirms involvement of perceptual networks in imagery, and these are relatively spared in early stages of the illness. Thus, we expected patients to have relatively intact imagery in a mental pitch comparison task. For the LBD patients, we tested whether executive dysfunction would extend to music. We probed inhibitory skills by asking for a speeded pitch or timbre judgment when the irrelevant dimension was held constant or also changed. Preliminary results show that AD patients score similarly to controls in the imagery tasks, but PD/LBD patients are impaired relative to controls in suppressing some irrelevant musical dimensions, particularly when the required judgment varies from trial to trial.
publisher	BlackWell Publishing Ltd
publishDate	2015
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4401999/
_version_	1613213104192094208

Musical tasks targeting preserved and impaired functions in two dementias

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