Oxidative Stress Responses in the Human Fungal Pathogen, Candida albicans

Oxidative Stress Responses in the Human Fungal Pathogen, Candida albicans

Candida albicans is a major fungal pathogen of humans, causing approximately 400,000 life-threatening systemic infections world-wide each year in severely immunocompromised patients. An important fungicidal mechanism employed by innate immune cells involves the generation of toxic reactive oxygen sp...

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Main Authors: da Silva Dantas, Alessandra, Day, Alison, Ikeh, Mélanie, Kos, Iaroslava, Achan, Beatrice, Quinn, Janet
Format: Online
Language:English
Published: MDPI 2015
Online Access:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4384116/
id pubmed-4384116
recordtype oai_dc
spelling pubmed-43841162015-05-05 Oxidative Stress Responses in the Human Fungal Pathogen, Candida albicans da Silva Dantas, Alessandra Day, Alison Ikeh, Mélanie Kos, Iaroslava Achan, Beatrice Quinn, Janet Review Candida albicans is a major fungal pathogen of humans, causing approximately 400,000 life-threatening systemic infections world-wide each year in severely immunocompromised patients. An important fungicidal mechanism employed by innate immune cells involves the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Consequently, there is much interest in the strategies employed by C. albicans to evade the oxidative killing by macrophages and neutrophils. Our understanding of how C. albicans senses and responds to ROS has significantly increased in recent years. Key findings include the observations that hydrogen peroxide triggers the filamentation of this polymorphic fungus and that a superoxide dismutase enzyme with a novel mode of action is expressed at the cell surface of C. albicans. Furthermore, recent studies have indicated that combinations of the chemical stresses generated by phagocytes can actively prevent C. albicans oxidative stress responses through a mechanism termed the stress pathway interference. In this review, we present an up-date of our current understanding of the role and regulation of oxidative stress responses in this important human fungal pathogen. MDPI 2015-02-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4384116/ /pubmed/25723552 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom5010142 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
repository_type Open Access Journal
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building NCBI PubMed
collection Online Access
language English
format Online
author da Silva Dantas, Alessandra
Day, Alison
Ikeh, Mélanie
Kos, Iaroslava
Achan, Beatrice
Quinn, Janet
spellingShingle da Silva Dantas, Alessandra
Day, Alison
Ikeh, Mélanie
Kos, Iaroslava
Achan, Beatrice
Quinn, Janet
Oxidative Stress Responses in the Human Fungal Pathogen, Candida albicans
author_facet da Silva Dantas, Alessandra
Day, Alison
Ikeh, Mélanie
Kos, Iaroslava
Achan, Beatrice
Quinn, Janet
author_sort da Silva Dantas, Alessandra
title Oxidative Stress Responses in the Human Fungal Pathogen, Candida albicans
title_short Oxidative Stress Responses in the Human Fungal Pathogen, Candida albicans
title_full Oxidative Stress Responses in the Human Fungal Pathogen, Candida albicans
title_fullStr Oxidative Stress Responses in the Human Fungal Pathogen, Candida albicans
title_full_unstemmed Oxidative Stress Responses in the Human Fungal Pathogen, Candida albicans
title_sort oxidative stress responses in the human fungal pathogen, candida albicans
description Candida albicans is a major fungal pathogen of humans, causing approximately 400,000 life-threatening systemic infections world-wide each year in severely immunocompromised patients. An important fungicidal mechanism employed by innate immune cells involves the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Consequently, there is much interest in the strategies employed by C. albicans to evade the oxidative killing by macrophages and neutrophils. Our understanding of how C. albicans senses and responds to ROS has significantly increased in recent years. Key findings include the observations that hydrogen peroxide triggers the filamentation of this polymorphic fungus and that a superoxide dismutase enzyme with a novel mode of action is expressed at the cell surface of C. albicans. Furthermore, recent studies have indicated that combinations of the chemical stresses generated by phagocytes can actively prevent C. albicans oxidative stress responses through a mechanism termed the stress pathway interference. In this review, we present an up-date of our current understanding of the role and regulation of oxidative stress responses in this important human fungal pathogen.
publisher MDPI
publishDate 2015
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4384116/
_version_ 1613207212613697536

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