Substrate Use of Pseudovibrio sp. Growing in Ultra-Oligotrophic Seawater
Marine planktonic bacteria often live in habitats with extremely low concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM). To study the use of trace amounts of DOM by the facultatively oligotrophic Pseudovibrio sp. FO-BEG1, we investigated the composition of artificial and natural seawater before and af...
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| Format: | Online |
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Public Library of Science
2015
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| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4380363/ |
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pubmed-43803632015-04-09 Substrate Use of Pseudovibrio sp. Growing in Ultra-Oligotrophic Seawater Schwedt, Anne Seidel, Michael Dittmar, Thorsten Simon, Meinhard Bondarev, Vladimir Romano, Stefano Lavik, Gaute Schulz-Vogt, Heide N. Research Article Marine planktonic bacteria often live in habitats with extremely low concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM). To study the use of trace amounts of DOM by the facultatively oligotrophic Pseudovibrio sp. FO-BEG1, we investigated the composition of artificial and natural seawater before and after growth. We determined the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), free and hydrolysable amino acids, and the molecular composition of DOM by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI FT-ICR-MS). The DOC concentration of the artificial seawater we used for cultivation was 4.4 μmol C L-1, which was eight times lower compared to the natural oligotrophic seawater we used for parallel experiments (36 μmol C L -1). During the three-week duration of the experiment, cell numbers increased from 40 cells mL-1 to 2x104 cells mL -1 in artificial and to 3x105 cells mL -1 in natural seawater. No nitrogen fixation and minor CO2 fixation (< 1% of cellular carbon) was observed. Our data show that in both media, amino acids were not the main substrate for growth. Instead, FT-ICR-MS analysis revealed usage of a variety of different dissolved organic molecules, belonging to a wide range of chemical compound groups, also containing nitrogen. The present study shows that marine heterotrophic bacteria are able to proliferate with even lower DOC concentrations than available in natural ultra-oligotrophic seawater, using unexpected organic compounds to fuel their energy, carbon and nitrogen requirements. Public Library of Science 2015-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC4380363/ /pubmed/25826215 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121675 Text en © 2015 Schwedt et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
| repository_type |
Open Access Journal |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
US National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| building |
NCBI PubMed |
| collection |
Online Access |
| language |
English |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Schwedt, Anne Seidel, Michael Dittmar, Thorsten Simon, Meinhard Bondarev, Vladimir Romano, Stefano Lavik, Gaute Schulz-Vogt, Heide N. |
| spellingShingle |
Schwedt, Anne Seidel, Michael Dittmar, Thorsten Simon, Meinhard Bondarev, Vladimir Romano, Stefano Lavik, Gaute Schulz-Vogt, Heide N. Substrate Use of Pseudovibrio sp. Growing in Ultra-Oligotrophic Seawater |
| author_facet |
Schwedt, Anne Seidel, Michael Dittmar, Thorsten Simon, Meinhard Bondarev, Vladimir Romano, Stefano Lavik, Gaute Schulz-Vogt, Heide N. |
| author_sort |
Schwedt, Anne |
| title |
Substrate Use of Pseudovibrio sp. Growing in Ultra-Oligotrophic Seawater |
| title_short |
Substrate Use of Pseudovibrio sp. Growing in Ultra-Oligotrophic Seawater |
| title_full |
Substrate Use of Pseudovibrio sp. Growing in Ultra-Oligotrophic Seawater |
| title_fullStr |
Substrate Use of Pseudovibrio sp. Growing in Ultra-Oligotrophic Seawater |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Substrate Use of Pseudovibrio sp. Growing in Ultra-Oligotrophic Seawater |
| title_sort |
substrate use of pseudovibrio sp. growing in ultra-oligotrophic seawater |
| description |
Marine planktonic bacteria often live in habitats with extremely low concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM). To study the use of trace amounts of DOM by the facultatively oligotrophic Pseudovibrio sp. FO-BEG1, we investigated the composition of artificial and natural seawater before and after growth. We determined the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), free and hydrolysable amino acids, and the molecular composition of DOM by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI FT-ICR-MS). The DOC concentration of the artificial seawater we used for cultivation was 4.4 μmol C L-1, which was eight times lower compared to the natural oligotrophic seawater we used for parallel experiments (36 μmol C L -1). During the three-week duration of the experiment, cell numbers increased from 40 cells mL-1 to 2x104 cells mL -1 in artificial and to 3x105 cells mL -1 in natural seawater. No nitrogen fixation and minor CO2 fixation (< 1% of cellular carbon) was observed. Our data show that in both media, amino acids were not the main substrate for growth. Instead, FT-ICR-MS analysis revealed usage of a variety of different dissolved organic molecules, belonging to a wide range of chemical compound groups, also containing nitrogen. The present study shows that marine heterotrophic bacteria are able to proliferate with even lower DOC concentrations than available in natural ultra-oligotrophic seawater, using unexpected organic compounds to fuel their energy, carbon and nitrogen requirements. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4380363/ |
| _version_ |
1613205874816319488 |