Reward-Related Attentional Bias and Adolescent Substance Use: A Prognostic Relationship?

Current cognitive-motivational addiction theories propose that prioritizing appetitive, reward-related information (attentional bias) plays a vital role in substance abuse behavior. Previous cross-sectional research has shown that adolescent substance use is related to reward-related attentional bia...

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Main Authors:	van Hemel-Ruiter, Madelon E., de Jong, Peter J., Ostafin, Brian D., Oldehinkel, Albertine J.
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Public Library of Science 2015
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4376386/

id	pubmed-4376386
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-43763862015-04-04 Reward-Related Attentional Bias and Adolescent Substance Use: A Prognostic Relationship? van Hemel-Ruiter, Madelon E. de Jong, Peter J. Ostafin, Brian D. Oldehinkel, Albertine J. Research Article Current cognitive-motivational addiction theories propose that prioritizing appetitive, reward-related information (attentional bias) plays a vital role in substance abuse behavior. Previous cross-sectional research has shown that adolescent substance use is related to reward-related attentional biases. The present study was designed to extend these findings by testing whether these reward biases have predictive value for adolescent substance use at three-year follow-up. Participants (N = 657, mean age = 16.2 yrs at baseline) were a sub-sample of Tracking Adolescents’ Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS), a large longitudinal community cohort study. We used a spatial orienting task as a behavioral index of appetitive-related attentional processes at baseline and a substance use questionnaire at both baseline and three years follow-up. Bivariate correlational analyses showed that enhanced attentional engagement with cues that predicted potential reward and nonpunishment was positively associated with substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis) three years later. However, reward bias was not predictive of changes in substance use. A post-hoc analysis in a selection of adolescents who started using illicit drugs (other than cannabis) in the follow-up period demonstrated that stronger baseline attentional engagement toward cues of nonpunishment was related to a higher level of illicit drug use three years later. The finding that reward bias was not predictive for the increase in substance use in adolescents who already started using substances at baseline, but did show prognostic value in adolescents who initiated drug use in between baseline and follow-up suggests that appetitive bias might be especially important in the initiation stages of adolescent substance use. Public Library of Science 2015-03-27 /pmc/articles/PMC4376386/ /pubmed/25816295 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121058 Text en © 2015 van Hemel-Ruiter et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	van Hemel-Ruiter, Madelon E. de Jong, Peter J. Ostafin, Brian D. Oldehinkel, Albertine J.
spellingShingle	van Hemel-Ruiter, Madelon E. de Jong, Peter J. Ostafin, Brian D. Oldehinkel, Albertine J. Reward-Related Attentional Bias and Adolescent Substance Use: A Prognostic Relationship?
author_facet	van Hemel-Ruiter, Madelon E. de Jong, Peter J. Ostafin, Brian D. Oldehinkel, Albertine J.
author_sort	van Hemel-Ruiter, Madelon E.
title	Reward-Related Attentional Bias and Adolescent Substance Use: A Prognostic Relationship?
title_short	Reward-Related Attentional Bias and Adolescent Substance Use: A Prognostic Relationship?
title_full	Reward-Related Attentional Bias and Adolescent Substance Use: A Prognostic Relationship?
title_fullStr	Reward-Related Attentional Bias and Adolescent Substance Use: A Prognostic Relationship?
title_full_unstemmed	Reward-Related Attentional Bias and Adolescent Substance Use: A Prognostic Relationship?
title_sort	reward-related attentional bias and adolescent substance use: a prognostic relationship?
description	Current cognitive-motivational addiction theories propose that prioritizing appetitive, reward-related information (attentional bias) plays a vital role in substance abuse behavior. Previous cross-sectional research has shown that adolescent substance use is related to reward-related attentional biases. The present study was designed to extend these findings by testing whether these reward biases have predictive value for adolescent substance use at three-year follow-up. Participants (N = 657, mean age = 16.2 yrs at baseline) were a sub-sample of Tracking Adolescents’ Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS), a large longitudinal community cohort study. We used a spatial orienting task as a behavioral index of appetitive-related attentional processes at baseline and a substance use questionnaire at both baseline and three years follow-up. Bivariate correlational analyses showed that enhanced attentional engagement with cues that predicted potential reward and nonpunishment was positively associated with substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis) three years later. However, reward bias was not predictive of changes in substance use. A post-hoc analysis in a selection of adolescents who started using illicit drugs (other than cannabis) in the follow-up period demonstrated that stronger baseline attentional engagement toward cues of nonpunishment was related to a higher level of illicit drug use three years later. The finding that reward bias was not predictive for the increase in substance use in adolescents who already started using substances at baseline, but did show prognostic value in adolescents who initiated drug use in between baseline and follow-up suggests that appetitive bias might be especially important in the initiation stages of adolescent substance use.
publisher	Public Library of Science
publishDate	2015
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4376386/
_version_	1613204402016878592

Reward-Related Attentional Bias and Adolescent Substance Use: A Prognostic Relationship?

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