Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus in Breast Cancer
Findings of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and breast cancer vary, making it difficult to determine whether either, both, or neither virus is causally associated with breast cancer. We investigated CMV and EBV in paired samples of breast...
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Public Library of Science
2015
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| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4344231/ |
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pubmed-43442312015-03-04 Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus in Breast Cancer Richardson, Ann K. Currie, Margaret J. Robinson, Bridget A. Morrin, Helen Phung, Yen Pearson, John F. Anderson, Trevor P. Potter, John D. Walker, Logan C. Research Article Findings of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and breast cancer vary, making it difficult to determine whether either, both, or neither virus is causally associated with breast cancer. We investigated CMV and EBV in paired samples of breast cancer and normal breast tissue from 70 women using quantitative PCR. A serum sample from each woman was tested for CMV and EBV IgG. To place our results in context, we reviewed the existing literature and performed a meta-analysis of our results together with previous PCR studies of EBV, CMV, and breast cancer. Of the serology samples, 67 of 70 (96%) were EBV IgG positive and 49 of 70 (70%) were CMV IgG positive. QPCR detected EBV in 24 (34%) of the tumour and 9 (13%) of the paired normal specimens and CMV in 0 (0%) of the tumour and 2 (3%) of the paired normal specimens. Our findings, together with earlier results summarised in the meta-analysis, suggest several possibilities: variable findings may be due to limitations of molecular analyses; ‘hit and run’ oncogenesis may lead to inconsistent results; one or both viruses has a role at a later stage in breast cancer development; infection with multiple viruses increases breast cancer risk; or neither virus has a role. Future studies should focus on ways to investigate these possibilities, and should include comparisons of breast cancer tissue samples with appropriate normal tissue samples. Public Library of Science 2015-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC4344231/ /pubmed/25723522 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118989 Text en © 2015 Richardson et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
| repository_type |
Open Access Journal |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
US National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| building |
NCBI PubMed |
| collection |
Online Access |
| language |
English |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Richardson, Ann K. Currie, Margaret J. Robinson, Bridget A. Morrin, Helen Phung, Yen Pearson, John F. Anderson, Trevor P. Potter, John D. Walker, Logan C. |
| spellingShingle |
Richardson, Ann K. Currie, Margaret J. Robinson, Bridget A. Morrin, Helen Phung, Yen Pearson, John F. Anderson, Trevor P. Potter, John D. Walker, Logan C. Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus in Breast Cancer |
| author_facet |
Richardson, Ann K. Currie, Margaret J. Robinson, Bridget A. Morrin, Helen Phung, Yen Pearson, John F. Anderson, Trevor P. Potter, John D. Walker, Logan C. |
| author_sort |
Richardson, Ann K. |
| title |
Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus in Breast Cancer |
| title_short |
Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus in Breast Cancer |
| title_full |
Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus in Breast Cancer |
| title_fullStr |
Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus in Breast Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus in Breast Cancer |
| title_sort |
cytomegalovirus and epstein-barr virus in breast cancer |
| description |
Findings of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and breast cancer vary, making it difficult to determine whether either, both, or neither virus is causally associated with breast cancer. We investigated CMV and EBV in paired samples of breast cancer and normal breast tissue from 70 women using quantitative PCR. A serum sample from each woman was tested for CMV and EBV IgG. To place our results in context, we reviewed the existing literature and performed a meta-analysis of our results together with previous PCR studies of EBV, CMV, and breast cancer. Of the serology samples, 67 of 70 (96%) were EBV IgG positive and 49 of 70 (70%) were CMV IgG positive. QPCR detected EBV in 24 (34%) of the tumour and 9 (13%) of the paired normal specimens and CMV in 0 (0%) of the tumour and 2 (3%) of the paired normal specimens. Our findings, together with earlier results summarised in the meta-analysis, suggest several possibilities: variable findings may be due to limitations of molecular analyses; ‘hit and run’ oncogenesis may lead to inconsistent results; one or both viruses has a role at a later stage in breast cancer development; infection with multiple viruses increases breast cancer risk; or neither virus has a role. Future studies should focus on ways to investigate these possibilities, and should include comparisons of breast cancer tissue samples with appropriate normal tissue samples. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4344231/ |
| _version_ |
1613193430962274304 |