Biotic Stress Shifted Structure and Abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the Lettuce Microbiome

Lettuce cultivars are not only amongst the most popular vegetables eaten raw, they are also involved in severe pathogen outbreaks world-wide. While outbreaks caused by Enterobacteriaceae species are well-studied, less is known about their occurrence in natural environments as well as the impact of b...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Erlacher, Armin, Cardinale, Massimiliano, Grube, Martin, Berg, Gabriele
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Public Library of Science 2015
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4340628/

id	pubmed-4340628
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-43406282015-03-04 Biotic Stress Shifted Structure and Abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the Lettuce Microbiome Erlacher, Armin Cardinale, Massimiliano Grube, Martin Berg, Gabriele Research Article Lettuce cultivars are not only amongst the most popular vegetables eaten raw, they are also involved in severe pathogen outbreaks world-wide. While outbreaks caused by Enterobacteriaceae species are well-studied, less is known about their occurrence in natural environments as well as the impact of biotic stress. Here, we studied the ecology of the human health-relevant bacterial family Enterobacteriaceae and assessed the impact of biotic disturbances by a soil-borne phytopathogenic fungus and Gastropoda on their structure and abundance in mesocosm and pot experiments. Using a polyphasic approach including network analyses of 16S rRNA gene amplicon libraries, quantitative PCR and complementary fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) microscopy we found substantial yet divergent Enterobacteriaceae communities. A similar spectrum of 14 genera was identified from rhizo- and phyllospheres but the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae was on average 3fold higher in phyllosphere samples. Both stress factors shifted the bacterial community of the leaf habitat, characterized by increases of species abundance and diversity. For the rhizosphere, we observed significant structural shifts of Enterobacteriaceae communities but also a high degree of resilience. These results could be confirmed by FISH microscopy but it was difficult to visualize phyllosphere communities. Additional inoculation experiments with Escherichia coli as model revealed their presence below the wax layer as well as in the endosphere of leaves. The observed presence influenced by stress factors and the endophytic life style of Enterobacteriaceae on lettuce can be an important aspect in relation to human health. Public Library of Science 2015-02-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4340628/ /pubmed/25714833 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118068 Text en © 2015 Erlacher et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Erlacher, Armin Cardinale, Massimiliano Grube, Martin Berg, Gabriele
spellingShingle	Erlacher, Armin Cardinale, Massimiliano Grube, Martin Berg, Gabriele Biotic Stress Shifted Structure and Abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the Lettuce Microbiome
author_facet	Erlacher, Armin Cardinale, Massimiliano Grube, Martin Berg, Gabriele
author_sort	Erlacher, Armin
title	Biotic Stress Shifted Structure and Abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the Lettuce Microbiome
title_short	Biotic Stress Shifted Structure and Abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the Lettuce Microbiome
title_full	Biotic Stress Shifted Structure and Abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the Lettuce Microbiome
title_fullStr	Biotic Stress Shifted Structure and Abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the Lettuce Microbiome
title_full_unstemmed	Biotic Stress Shifted Structure and Abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the Lettuce Microbiome
title_sort	biotic stress shifted structure and abundance of enterobacteriaceae in the lettuce microbiome
description	Lettuce cultivars are not only amongst the most popular vegetables eaten raw, they are also involved in severe pathogen outbreaks world-wide. While outbreaks caused by Enterobacteriaceae species are well-studied, less is known about their occurrence in natural environments as well as the impact of biotic stress. Here, we studied the ecology of the human health-relevant bacterial family Enterobacteriaceae and assessed the impact of biotic disturbances by a soil-borne phytopathogenic fungus and Gastropoda on their structure and abundance in mesocosm and pot experiments. Using a polyphasic approach including network analyses of 16S rRNA gene amplicon libraries, quantitative PCR and complementary fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) microscopy we found substantial yet divergent Enterobacteriaceae communities. A similar spectrum of 14 genera was identified from rhizo- and phyllospheres but the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae was on average 3fold higher in phyllosphere samples. Both stress factors shifted the bacterial community of the leaf habitat, characterized by increases of species abundance and diversity. For the rhizosphere, we observed significant structural shifts of Enterobacteriaceae communities but also a high degree of resilience. These results could be confirmed by FISH microscopy but it was difficult to visualize phyllosphere communities. Additional inoculation experiments with Escherichia coli as model revealed their presence below the wax layer as well as in the endosphere of leaves. The observed presence influenced by stress factors and the endophytic life style of Enterobacteriaceae on lettuce can be an important aspect in relation to human health.
publisher	Public Library of Science
publishDate	2015
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4340628/
_version_	1613192593905025024

Biotic Stress Shifted Structure and Abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the Lettuce Microbiome

Similar Items