Neurodegeneration in Diabetic Retina and Its Potential Drug Targets

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the major complications of diabetes causing vision loss and blindness worldwide. DR is widely recognized as a neurodegenerative disease as evidenced from early changes at cellular and molecular levels in the neuronal component of the diabetic retina, which is furt...

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Main Authors:	Ola, Mohammad Shamsul, Alhomida, Abdullah S
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Bentham Science Publishers 2014
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4207077/

id	pubmed-4207077
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-42070772015-01-01 Neurodegeneration in Diabetic Retina and Its Potential Drug Targets Ola, Mohammad Shamsul Alhomida, Abdullah S Article Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the major complications of diabetes causing vision loss and blindness worldwide. DR is widely recognized as a neurodegenerative disease as evidenced from early changes at cellular and molecular levels in the neuronal component of the diabetic retina, which is further supported by various retinal functional tests indicating functional deficits in the retina soon after diabetes progression. Diabetes alters the level of a number of neurodegenerative metabolites, which increases influx through several metabolic pathways which in turn induce an increase in oxidative stress and a decrease in neurotrophic factors, thereby damage retinal neurons. Loss of neurons may implicate in vascular pathology, a clinical signs of DR observed at later stages of the disease. Here, we discuss diabetes-induced potential metabolites known to be detrimental to neuronal damage and their mechanism of action. In addition, we highlight important neurotrophic factors, whose level have been found to be dysregulated in diabetic retina and may damage neurons. Furthermore, we discuss potential drugs and strategies based on targeting diabetes-induced metabolites, metabolic pathways, oxidative stress, and neurotrophins to protect retinal neurons, which may ameliorate vision loss and vascular damage in DR. Bentham Science Publishers 2014-07 2014-07 /pmc/articles/PMC4207077/ /pubmed/25342945 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159X12666140619205024 Text en ©2014 Bentham Science Publishers http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Ola, Mohammad Shamsul Alhomida, Abdullah S
spellingShingle	Ola, Mohammad Shamsul Alhomida, Abdullah S Neurodegeneration in Diabetic Retina and Its Potential Drug Targets
author_facet	Ola, Mohammad Shamsul Alhomida, Abdullah S
author_sort	Ola, Mohammad Shamsul
title	Neurodegeneration in Diabetic Retina and Its Potential Drug Targets
title_short	Neurodegeneration in Diabetic Retina and Its Potential Drug Targets
title_full	Neurodegeneration in Diabetic Retina and Its Potential Drug Targets
title_fullStr	Neurodegeneration in Diabetic Retina and Its Potential Drug Targets
title_full_unstemmed	Neurodegeneration in Diabetic Retina and Its Potential Drug Targets
title_sort	neurodegeneration in diabetic retina and its potential drug targets
description	Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the major complications of diabetes causing vision loss and blindness worldwide. DR is widely recognized as a neurodegenerative disease as evidenced from early changes at cellular and molecular levels in the neuronal component of the diabetic retina, which is further supported by various retinal functional tests indicating functional deficits in the retina soon after diabetes progression. Diabetes alters the level of a number of neurodegenerative metabolites, which increases influx through several metabolic pathways which in turn induce an increase in oxidative stress and a decrease in neurotrophic factors, thereby damage retinal neurons. Loss of neurons may implicate in vascular pathology, a clinical signs of DR observed at later stages of the disease. Here, we discuss diabetes-induced potential metabolites known to be detrimental to neuronal damage and their mechanism of action. In addition, we highlight important neurotrophic factors, whose level have been found to be dysregulated in diabetic retina and may damage neurons. Furthermore, we discuss potential drugs and strategies based on targeting diabetes-induced metabolites, metabolic pathways, oxidative stress, and neurotrophins to protect retinal neurons, which may ameliorate vision loss and vascular damage in DR.
publisher	Bentham Science Publishers
publishDate	2014
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4207077/
_version_	1613147973177311232

Neurodegeneration in Diabetic Retina and Its Potential Drug Targets

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