Biology of the RANKL–RANK–OPG System in Immunity, Bone, and Beyond

Discovery and characterization of the cytokine receptor-cytokine-decoy receptor triad formed by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)–receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK)–osteoprotegerin (OPG) have led not only to immense advances in understanding the biology of bone homeostasis,...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Walsh, Matthew C., Choi, Yongwon
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2014
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4202272/

id	pubmed-4202272
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-42022722014-11-03 Biology of the RANKL–RANK–OPG System in Immunity, Bone, and Beyond Walsh, Matthew C. Choi, Yongwon Immunology Discovery and characterization of the cytokine receptor-cytokine-decoy receptor triad formed by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)–receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK)–osteoprotegerin (OPG) have led not only to immense advances in understanding the biology of bone homeostasis, but have also crystalized appreciation of the critical regulatory relationship that exists between bone and immunity, resulting in the emergence of the burgeoning field of osteoimmunology. RANKL–RANK–OPG are members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and TNF receptor superfamilies, and share signaling characteristics common to many members of each. Developmentally regulated and cell-type specific expression patterns of each of these factors have revealed key regulatory functions for RANKL–RANK–OPG in bone homeostasis, organogenesis, immune tolerance, and cancer. Successful efforts at designing and developing therapeutic agents targeting RANKL–RANK–OPG have been undertaken for osteoporosis, and additional efforts are underway for other conditions. In this review, we will summarize the basic biology of the RANKL–RANK–OPG system, relate its cell-type specific functions to system-wide mechanisms of development and homeostasis, and highlight emerging areas of interest for this cytokine group. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-10-20 /pmc/articles/PMC4202272/ /pubmed/25368616 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00511 Text en Copyright © 2014 Walsh and Choi. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Walsh, Matthew C. Choi, Yongwon
spellingShingle	Walsh, Matthew C. Choi, Yongwon Biology of the RANKL–RANK–OPG System in Immunity, Bone, and Beyond
author_facet	Walsh, Matthew C. Choi, Yongwon
author_sort	Walsh, Matthew C.
title	Biology of the RANKL–RANK–OPG System in Immunity, Bone, and Beyond
title_short	Biology of the RANKL–RANK–OPG System in Immunity, Bone, and Beyond
title_full	Biology of the RANKL–RANK–OPG System in Immunity, Bone, and Beyond
title_fullStr	Biology of the RANKL–RANK–OPG System in Immunity, Bone, and Beyond
title_full_unstemmed	Biology of the RANKL–RANK–OPG System in Immunity, Bone, and Beyond
title_sort	biology of the rankl–rank–opg system in immunity, bone, and beyond
description	Discovery and characterization of the cytokine receptor-cytokine-decoy receptor triad formed by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)–receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK)–osteoprotegerin (OPG) have led not only to immense advances in understanding the biology of bone homeostasis, but have also crystalized appreciation of the critical regulatory relationship that exists between bone and immunity, resulting in the emergence of the burgeoning field of osteoimmunology. RANKL–RANK–OPG are members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and TNF receptor superfamilies, and share signaling characteristics common to many members of each. Developmentally regulated and cell-type specific expression patterns of each of these factors have revealed key regulatory functions for RANKL–RANK–OPG in bone homeostasis, organogenesis, immune tolerance, and cancer. Successful efforts at designing and developing therapeutic agents targeting RANKL–RANK–OPG have been undertaken for osteoporosis, and additional efforts are underway for other conditions. In this review, we will summarize the basic biology of the RANKL–RANK–OPG system, relate its cell-type specific functions to system-wide mechanisms of development and homeostasis, and highlight emerging areas of interest for this cytokine group.
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2014
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4202272/
_version_	1613146457417711616

Biology of the RANKL–RANK–OPG System in Immunity, Bone, and Beyond

Similar Items