Graphene surface plasmons at the near-infrared optical regime

Graphene has been identified as an emerging horizon for a nanoscale photonic platform because the Fermi level of intrinsic graphene can be engineered to support surface plasmons (SPs). The current solid back electrical gating and chemical doping methods cannot facilitate the demonstration of graphen...

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Main Authors:	Zhang, Qiming, Li, Xiangping, Hossain, Md Muntasir, Xue, Yunzhou, Zhang, Jie, Song, Jingchao, Liu, Jingying, Turner, Mark D., Fan, Shanhui, Bao, Qiaoliang, Gu, Min
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Nature Publishing Group 2014
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4190570/

id	pubmed-4190570
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-41905702014-10-10 Graphene surface plasmons at the near-infrared optical regime Zhang, Qiming Li, Xiangping Hossain, Md Muntasir Xue, Yunzhou Zhang, Jie Song, Jingchao Liu, Jingying Turner, Mark D. Fan, Shanhui Bao, Qiaoliang Gu, Min Article Graphene has been identified as an emerging horizon for a nanoscale photonic platform because the Fermi level of intrinsic graphene can be engineered to support surface plasmons (SPs). The current solid back electrical gating and chemical doping methods cannot facilitate the demonstration of graphene SPs at the near-infrared (NIR) window because of the limited shift of the Fermi level. Here, we present the evidence for the existence of graphene SPs on a tapered graphene-silicon waveguide tip at a NIR wavelength, employing a surface carrier transfer method with molybdenum trioxides. The coupling between the graphene surface plasmons and the guiding mode in silicon waveguides allows for the observation of the concentrated field of the SPs in the tip by near-field scanning optical microscopy. Thus the hot spot from the concentrated SPs in the graphene layer can be used as a key experimental signature of graphene SPs. The NIR graphene SPs opens a new perspective for optical communications, optical sensing and imaging, and optical data storage with extreme spatial confinement, broad bandwidth and high tunability. Nature Publishing Group 2014-10-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4190570/ /pubmed/25297570 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep06559 Text en Copyright © 2014, Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder in order to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Zhang, Qiming Li, Xiangping Hossain, Md Muntasir Xue, Yunzhou Zhang, Jie Song, Jingchao Liu, Jingying Turner, Mark D. Fan, Shanhui Bao, Qiaoliang Gu, Min
spellingShingle	Zhang, Qiming Li, Xiangping Hossain, Md Muntasir Xue, Yunzhou Zhang, Jie Song, Jingchao Liu, Jingying Turner, Mark D. Fan, Shanhui Bao, Qiaoliang Gu, Min Graphene surface plasmons at the near-infrared optical regime
author_facet	Zhang, Qiming Li, Xiangping Hossain, Md Muntasir Xue, Yunzhou Zhang, Jie Song, Jingchao Liu, Jingying Turner, Mark D. Fan, Shanhui Bao, Qiaoliang Gu, Min
author_sort	Zhang, Qiming
title	Graphene surface plasmons at the near-infrared optical regime
title_short	Graphene surface plasmons at the near-infrared optical regime
title_full	Graphene surface plasmons at the near-infrared optical regime
title_fullStr	Graphene surface plasmons at the near-infrared optical regime
title_full_unstemmed	Graphene surface plasmons at the near-infrared optical regime
title_sort	graphene surface plasmons at the near-infrared optical regime
description	Graphene has been identified as an emerging horizon for a nanoscale photonic platform because the Fermi level of intrinsic graphene can be engineered to support surface plasmons (SPs). The current solid back electrical gating and chemical doping methods cannot facilitate the demonstration of graphene SPs at the near-infrared (NIR) window because of the limited shift of the Fermi level. Here, we present the evidence for the existence of graphene SPs on a tapered graphene-silicon waveguide tip at a NIR wavelength, employing a surface carrier transfer method with molybdenum trioxides. The coupling between the graphene surface plasmons and the guiding mode in silicon waveguides allows for the observation of the concentrated field of the SPs in the tip by near-field scanning optical microscopy. Thus the hot spot from the concentrated SPs in the graphene layer can be used as a key experimental signature of graphene SPs. The NIR graphene SPs opens a new perspective for optical communications, optical sensing and imaging, and optical data storage with extreme spatial confinement, broad bandwidth and high tunability.
publisher	Nature Publishing Group
publishDate	2014
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4190570/
_version_	1613142324615839744

Graphene surface plasmons at the near-infrared optical regime

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