Picocyanobacteria containing a novel pigment gene cluster dominate the brackish water Baltic Sea

Photoautotrophic picocyanobacteria harvest light via phycobilisomes (PBS) consisting of the pigments phycocyanin (PC) and phycoerythrin (PE), encoded by genes in conserved gene clusters. The presence and arrangement of these gene clusters give picocyanobacteria characteristic light absorption proper...

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Main Authors:	Larsson, John, Celepli, Narin, Ininbergs, Karolina, Dupont, Christopher L, Yooseph, Shibu, Bergman, Bigitta, Ekman, Martin
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Nature Publishing Group 2014
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4139726/

id	pubmed-4139726
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-41397262014-09-01 Picocyanobacteria containing a novel pigment gene cluster dominate the brackish water Baltic Sea Larsson, John Celepli, Narin Ininbergs, Karolina Dupont, Christopher L Yooseph, Shibu Bergman, Bigitta Ekman, Martin Original Article Photoautotrophic picocyanobacteria harvest light via phycobilisomes (PBS) consisting of the pigments phycocyanin (PC) and phycoerythrin (PE), encoded by genes in conserved gene clusters. The presence and arrangement of these gene clusters give picocyanobacteria characteristic light absorption properties and allow the colonization of specific ecological niches. To date, a full understanding of the evolution and distribution of the PBS gene cluster in picocyanobacteria has been hampered by the scarcity of genome sequences from fresh- and brackish water-adapted strains. To remediate this, we analysed genomes assembled from metagenomic samples collected along a natural salinity gradient, and over the course of a growth season, in the Baltic Sea. We found that while PBS gene clusters in picocyanobacteria sampled in marine habitats were highly similar to known references, brackish-adapted genotypes harboured a novel type not seen in previously sequenced genomes. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the novel gene cluster belonged to a clade of uncultivated picocyanobacteria that dominate the brackish Baltic Sea throughout the summer season, but are uncommon in other examined aquatic ecosystems. Further, our data suggest that the PE genes were lost in the ancestor of PC-containing coastal picocyanobacteria and that multiple horizontal gene transfer events have re-introduced PE genes into brackish-adapted strains, including the novel clade discovered here. Nature Publishing Group 2014-09 2014-03-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4139726/ /pubmed/24621524 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2014.35 Text en Copyright © 2014 International Society for Microbial Ecology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Larsson, John Celepli, Narin Ininbergs, Karolina Dupont, Christopher L Yooseph, Shibu Bergman, Bigitta Ekman, Martin
spellingShingle	Larsson, John Celepli, Narin Ininbergs, Karolina Dupont, Christopher L Yooseph, Shibu Bergman, Bigitta Ekman, Martin Picocyanobacteria containing a novel pigment gene cluster dominate the brackish water Baltic Sea
author_facet	Larsson, John Celepli, Narin Ininbergs, Karolina Dupont, Christopher L Yooseph, Shibu Bergman, Bigitta Ekman, Martin
author_sort	Larsson, John
title	Picocyanobacteria containing a novel pigment gene cluster dominate the brackish water Baltic Sea
title_short	Picocyanobacteria containing a novel pigment gene cluster dominate the brackish water Baltic Sea
title_full	Picocyanobacteria containing a novel pigment gene cluster dominate the brackish water Baltic Sea
title_fullStr	Picocyanobacteria containing a novel pigment gene cluster dominate the brackish water Baltic Sea
title_full_unstemmed	Picocyanobacteria containing a novel pigment gene cluster dominate the brackish water Baltic Sea
title_sort	picocyanobacteria containing a novel pigment gene cluster dominate the brackish water baltic sea
description	Photoautotrophic picocyanobacteria harvest light via phycobilisomes (PBS) consisting of the pigments phycocyanin (PC) and phycoerythrin (PE), encoded by genes in conserved gene clusters. The presence and arrangement of these gene clusters give picocyanobacteria characteristic light absorption properties and allow the colonization of specific ecological niches. To date, a full understanding of the evolution and distribution of the PBS gene cluster in picocyanobacteria has been hampered by the scarcity of genome sequences from fresh- and brackish water-adapted strains. To remediate this, we analysed genomes assembled from metagenomic samples collected along a natural salinity gradient, and over the course of a growth season, in the Baltic Sea. We found that while PBS gene clusters in picocyanobacteria sampled in marine habitats were highly similar to known references, brackish-adapted genotypes harboured a novel type not seen in previously sequenced genomes. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the novel gene cluster belonged to a clade of uncultivated picocyanobacteria that dominate the brackish Baltic Sea throughout the summer season, but are uncommon in other examined aquatic ecosystems. Further, our data suggest that the PE genes were lost in the ancestor of PC-containing coastal picocyanobacteria and that multiple horizontal gene transfer events have re-introduced PE genes into brackish-adapted strains, including the novel clade discovered here.
publisher	Nature Publishing Group
publishDate	2014
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4139726/
_version_	1613126099446792192

Picocyanobacteria containing a novel pigment gene cluster dominate the brackish water Baltic Sea

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