Plant Surface Cues Prime Ustilago maydis for Biotrophic Development

Infection-related development of phytopathogenic fungi is initiated by sensing and responding to plant surface cues. This response can result in the formation of specialized infection structures, so-called appressoria. To unravel the program inducing filaments and appressoria in the biotrophic smut...

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Main Authors:	Lanver, Daniel, Berndt, Patrick, Tollot, Marie, Naik, Vikram, Vranes, Miroslav, Warmann, Tobias, Münch, Karin, Rössel, Nicole, Kahmann, Regine
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Public Library of Science 2014
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4102580/

id	pubmed-4102580
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-41025802014-07-21 Plant Surface Cues Prime Ustilago maydis for Biotrophic Development Lanver, Daniel Berndt, Patrick Tollot, Marie Naik, Vikram Vranes, Miroslav Warmann, Tobias Münch, Karin Rössel, Nicole Kahmann, Regine Research Article Infection-related development of phytopathogenic fungi is initiated by sensing and responding to plant surface cues. This response can result in the formation of specialized infection structures, so-called appressoria. To unravel the program inducing filaments and appressoria in the biotrophic smut fungus Ustilago maydis, we exposed cells to a hydrophobic surface and the cutin monomer 16-hydroxy hexadecanoic acid. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling at the pre-penetration stage documented dramatic transcriptional changes in almost 20% of the genes. Comparisons with the U. maydis sho1 msb2 double mutant, lacking two putative sensors for plant surface cues, revealed that these plasma membrane receptors regulate a small subset of the surface cue-induced genes comprising mainly secreted proteins including potential plant cell wall degrading enzymes. Targeted gene deletion analysis ascribed a role to up-regulated GH51 and GH62 arabinofuranosidases during plant penetration. Among the sho1/msb2-dependently expressed genes were several secreted effectors that are essential for virulence. Our data also demonstrate specific effects on two transcription factors that redirect the transcriptional regulatory network towards appressorium formation and plant penetration. This shows that plant surface cues prime U. maydis for biotrophic development. Public Library of Science 2014-07-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4102580/ /pubmed/25033195 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004272 Text en © 2014 Lanver et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Lanver, Daniel Berndt, Patrick Tollot, Marie Naik, Vikram Vranes, Miroslav Warmann, Tobias Münch, Karin Rössel, Nicole Kahmann, Regine
spellingShingle	Lanver, Daniel Berndt, Patrick Tollot, Marie Naik, Vikram Vranes, Miroslav Warmann, Tobias Münch, Karin Rössel, Nicole Kahmann, Regine Plant Surface Cues Prime Ustilago maydis for Biotrophic Development
author_facet	Lanver, Daniel Berndt, Patrick Tollot, Marie Naik, Vikram Vranes, Miroslav Warmann, Tobias Münch, Karin Rössel, Nicole Kahmann, Regine
author_sort	Lanver, Daniel
title	Plant Surface Cues Prime Ustilago maydis for Biotrophic Development
title_short	Plant Surface Cues Prime Ustilago maydis for Biotrophic Development
title_full	Plant Surface Cues Prime Ustilago maydis for Biotrophic Development
title_fullStr	Plant Surface Cues Prime Ustilago maydis for Biotrophic Development
title_full_unstemmed	Plant Surface Cues Prime Ustilago maydis for Biotrophic Development
title_sort	plant surface cues prime ustilago maydis for biotrophic development
description	Infection-related development of phytopathogenic fungi is initiated by sensing and responding to plant surface cues. This response can result in the formation of specialized infection structures, so-called appressoria. To unravel the program inducing filaments and appressoria in the biotrophic smut fungus Ustilago maydis, we exposed cells to a hydrophobic surface and the cutin monomer 16-hydroxy hexadecanoic acid. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling at the pre-penetration stage documented dramatic transcriptional changes in almost 20% of the genes. Comparisons with the U. maydis sho1 msb2 double mutant, lacking two putative sensors for plant surface cues, revealed that these plasma membrane receptors regulate a small subset of the surface cue-induced genes comprising mainly secreted proteins including potential plant cell wall degrading enzymes. Targeted gene deletion analysis ascribed a role to up-regulated GH51 and GH62 arabinofuranosidases during plant penetration. Among the sho1/msb2-dependently expressed genes were several secreted effectors that are essential for virulence. Our data also demonstrate specific effects on two transcription factors that redirect the transcriptional regulatory network towards appressorium formation and plant penetration. This shows that plant surface cues prime U. maydis for biotrophic development.
publisher	Public Library of Science
publishDate	2014
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4102580/
_version_	1613115402078912512

Plant Surface Cues Prime Ustilago maydis for Biotrophic Development

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