Integrated phenotypes: understanding trait covariation in plants and animals
Integration and modularity refer to the patterns and processes of trait interaction and independence. Both terms have complex histories with respect to both conceptualization and quantification, resulting in a plethora of integration indices in use. We review briefly the divergent definitions, uses...
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The Royal Society
2014
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| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4084533/ |
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pubmed-40845332014-08-19 Integrated phenotypes: understanding trait covariation in plants and animals Armbruster, W. Scott Pélabon, Christophe Bolstad, Geir H. Hansen, Thomas F. Articles Integration and modularity refer to the patterns and processes of trait interaction and independence. Both terms have complex histories with respect to both conceptualization and quantification, resulting in a plethora of integration indices in use. We review briefly the divergent definitions, uses and measures of integration and modularity and make conceptual links to allometry. We also discuss how integration and modularity might evolve. Although integration is generally thought to be generated and maintained by correlational selection, theoretical considerations suggest the relationship is not straightforward. We caution here against uncontrolled comparisons of indices across studies. In the absence of controls for trait number, dimensionality, homology, development and function, it is difficult, or even impossible, to compare integration indices across organisms or traits. We suggest that care be invested in relating measurement to underlying theory or hypotheses, and that summative, theory-free descriptors of integration generally be avoided. The papers that follow in this Theme Issue illustrate the diversity of approaches to studying integration and modularity, highlighting strengths and pitfalls that await researchers investigating integration in plants and animals. The Royal Society 2014-08-19 /pmc/articles/PMC4084533/ /pubmed/25002693 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0245 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ © 2014 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. |
| repository_type |
Open Access Journal |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
US National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| building |
NCBI PubMed |
| collection |
Online Access |
| language |
English |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Armbruster, W. Scott Pélabon, Christophe Bolstad, Geir H. Hansen, Thomas F. |
| spellingShingle |
Armbruster, W. Scott Pélabon, Christophe Bolstad, Geir H. Hansen, Thomas F. Integrated phenotypes: understanding trait covariation in plants and animals |
| author_facet |
Armbruster, W. Scott Pélabon, Christophe Bolstad, Geir H. Hansen, Thomas F. |
| author_sort |
Armbruster, W. Scott |
| title |
Integrated phenotypes: understanding trait covariation in plants and animals |
| title_short |
Integrated phenotypes: understanding trait covariation in plants and animals |
| title_full |
Integrated phenotypes: understanding trait covariation in plants and animals |
| title_fullStr |
Integrated phenotypes: understanding trait covariation in plants and animals |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Integrated phenotypes: understanding trait covariation in plants and animals |
| title_sort |
integrated phenotypes: understanding trait covariation in plants and animals |
| description |
Integration and modularity refer to the patterns and processes of trait interaction and independence. Both terms have complex histories with respect to both conceptualization and quantification, resulting in a plethora of integration indices in use. We review briefly the divergent definitions, uses and measures of integration and modularity and make conceptual links to allometry. We also discuss how integration and modularity might evolve. Although integration is generally thought to be generated and maintained by correlational selection, theoretical considerations suggest the relationship is not straightforward. We caution here against uncontrolled comparisons of indices across studies. In the absence of controls for trait number, dimensionality, homology, development and function, it is difficult, or even impossible, to compare integration indices across organisms or traits. We suggest that care be invested in relating measurement to underlying theory or hypotheses, and that summative, theory-free descriptors of integration generally be avoided. The papers that follow in this Theme Issue illustrate the diversity of approaches to studying integration and modularity, highlighting strengths and pitfalls that await researchers investigating integration in plants and animals. |
| publisher |
The Royal Society |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4084533/ |
| _version_ |
1613109198130774016 |