Morphologic and molecular evaluation of Chlamydia trachomatis growth in human endocervix reveals distinct growth patterns

In vitro models of Chlamydia trachomatis growth have long been studied to predict growth in vivo. Alternative or persistent growth modes in vitro have been shown to occur under the influence of numerous stressors but have not been studied in vivo. Here, we report the development of methods for sampl...

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Main Authors:	Lewis, Maria E., Belland, Robert J., AbdelRahman, Yasser M., Beatty, Wandy L., Aiyar, Ashok A., Zea, Arnold H., Greene, Sheila J., Marrero, Luis, Buckner, Lyndsey R., Tate, David J., McGowin, Chris L., Kozlowski, Pamela A., O'Brien, Michelle, Lillis, Rebecca A., Martin, David H., Quayle, Alison J.
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2014
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4050528/

id	pubmed-4050528
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-40505282014-06-23 Morphologic and molecular evaluation of Chlamydia trachomatis growth in human endocervix reveals distinct growth patterns Lewis, Maria E. Belland, Robert J. AbdelRahman, Yasser M. Beatty, Wandy L. Aiyar, Ashok A. Zea, Arnold H. Greene, Sheila J. Marrero, Luis Buckner, Lyndsey R. Tate, David J. McGowin, Chris L. Kozlowski, Pamela A. O'Brien, Michelle Lillis, Rebecca A. Martin, David H. Quayle, Alison J. Microbiology In vitro models of Chlamydia trachomatis growth have long been studied to predict growth in vivo. Alternative or persistent growth modes in vitro have been shown to occur under the influence of numerous stressors but have not been studied in vivo. Here, we report the development of methods for sampling human infections from the endocervix in a manner that permits a multifaceted analysis of the bacteria, host and the endocervical environment. Our approach permits evaluating total bacterial load, transcriptional patterns, morphology by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy, and levels of cytokines and nutrients in the infection microenvironment. By applying this approach to two pilot patients with disparate infections, we have determined that their contrasting growth patterns correlate with strikingly distinct transcriptional biomarkers, and are associated with differences in local levels of IFNγ. Our multifaceted approach will be useful to dissect infections in the human host and be useful in identifying patients at risk for chronic disease. Importantly, the molecular and morphological analyses described here indicate that persistent growth forms can be isolated from the human endocervix when the infection microenvironment resembles the in vitro model of IFNγ-induced persistence. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-06-10 /pmc/articles/PMC4050528/ /pubmed/24959423 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2014.00071 Text en Copyright © 2014 Lewis, Belland, AbdelRahman, Beatty, Aiyar, Zea, Greene, Marrero, Buckner, Tate, McGowin, Kozlowski, O'Brien, Lillis, Martin and Quayle. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Lewis, Maria E. Belland, Robert J. AbdelRahman, Yasser M. Beatty, Wandy L. Aiyar, Ashok A. Zea, Arnold H. Greene, Sheila J. Marrero, Luis Buckner, Lyndsey R. Tate, David J. McGowin, Chris L. Kozlowski, Pamela A. O'Brien, Michelle Lillis, Rebecca A. Martin, David H. Quayle, Alison J.
spellingShingle	Lewis, Maria E. Belland, Robert J. AbdelRahman, Yasser M. Beatty, Wandy L. Aiyar, Ashok A. Zea, Arnold H. Greene, Sheila J. Marrero, Luis Buckner, Lyndsey R. Tate, David J. McGowin, Chris L. Kozlowski, Pamela A. O'Brien, Michelle Lillis, Rebecca A. Martin, David H. Quayle, Alison J. Morphologic and molecular evaluation of Chlamydia trachomatis growth in human endocervix reveals distinct growth patterns
author_facet	Lewis, Maria E. Belland, Robert J. AbdelRahman, Yasser M. Beatty, Wandy L. Aiyar, Ashok A. Zea, Arnold H. Greene, Sheila J. Marrero, Luis Buckner, Lyndsey R. Tate, David J. McGowin, Chris L. Kozlowski, Pamela A. O'Brien, Michelle Lillis, Rebecca A. Martin, David H. Quayle, Alison J.
author_sort	Lewis, Maria E.
title	Morphologic and molecular evaluation of Chlamydia trachomatis growth in human endocervix reveals distinct growth patterns
title_short	Morphologic and molecular evaluation of Chlamydia trachomatis growth in human endocervix reveals distinct growth patterns
title_full	Morphologic and molecular evaluation of Chlamydia trachomatis growth in human endocervix reveals distinct growth patterns
title_fullStr	Morphologic and molecular evaluation of Chlamydia trachomatis growth in human endocervix reveals distinct growth patterns
title_full_unstemmed	Morphologic and molecular evaluation of Chlamydia trachomatis growth in human endocervix reveals distinct growth patterns
title_sort	morphologic and molecular evaluation of chlamydia trachomatis growth in human endocervix reveals distinct growth patterns
description	In vitro models of Chlamydia trachomatis growth have long been studied to predict growth in vivo. Alternative or persistent growth modes in vitro have been shown to occur under the influence of numerous stressors but have not been studied in vivo. Here, we report the development of methods for sampling human infections from the endocervix in a manner that permits a multifaceted analysis of the bacteria, host and the endocervical environment. Our approach permits evaluating total bacterial load, transcriptional patterns, morphology by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy, and levels of cytokines and nutrients in the infection microenvironment. By applying this approach to two pilot patients with disparate infections, we have determined that their contrasting growth patterns correlate with strikingly distinct transcriptional biomarkers, and are associated with differences in local levels of IFNγ. Our multifaceted approach will be useful to dissect infections in the human host and be useful in identifying patients at risk for chronic disease. Importantly, the molecular and morphological analyses described here indicate that persistent growth forms can be isolated from the human endocervix when the infection microenvironment resembles the in vitro model of IFNγ-induced persistence.
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2014
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4050528/
_version_	1612098621388357632

Morphologic and molecular evaluation of Chlamydia trachomatis growth in human endocervix reveals distinct growth patterns

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