The impact of co-infections on the haematological profile of East African Short-horn Zebu calves
The cumulative effect of co-infections between pathogen pairs on the haematological response of East African Short-horn Zebu calves is described. Using a longitudinal study design a stratified clustered random sample of newborn calves were recruited into the Infectious Diseases of East African Lives...
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| Format: | Online |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2014
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| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4021814/ |
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pubmed-4021814 |
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pubmed-40218142014-05-19 The impact of co-infections on the haematological profile of East African Short-horn Zebu calves VAN WYK, ILANA CONRADIE GODDARD, AMELIA DE C. BRONSVOORT, B. MARK COETZER, JACOBUS A. W. HANDEL, IAN G. HANOTTE, OLIVIER JENNINGS, AMY LESOSKY, MAIA KIARA, HENRY THUMBI, SAM M. TOYE, PHIL WOOLHOUSE, MARK W. PENZHORN, BANIE L. Research Article The cumulative effect of co-infections between pathogen pairs on the haematological response of East African Short-horn Zebu calves is described. Using a longitudinal study design a stratified clustered random sample of newborn calves were recruited into the Infectious Diseases of East African Livestock (IDEAL) study and monitored at 5-weekly intervals until 51 weeks of age. At each visit samples were collected and analysed to determine the infection status of each calf as well as their haematological response. The haematological parameters investigated included packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cell count (WBC) and platelet count (Plt). The pathogens of interest included tick-borne protozoa and rickettsias, trypanosomes and intestinal parasites. Generalized additive mixed-effect models were used to model the infectious status of pathogens against each haematological parameter, including significant interactions between pathogens. These models were further used to predict the cumulative effect of co-infecting pathogen pairs on each haematological parameter. The most significant decrease in PCV was found with co-infections of trypanosomes and strongyles. Strongyle infections also resulted in a significant decrease in WBC at a high infectious load. Trypanosomes were the major cause of thrombocytopenia. Platelet counts were also affected by interactions between tick-borne pathogens. Interactions between concomitant pathogens were found to complicate the prognosis and clinical presentation of infected calves and should be taken into consideration in any study that investigates disease under field conditions. Cambridge University Press 2014-03 2013-10-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4021814/ /pubmed/24553080 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182013001625 Text en © Cambridge University Press 2013 The online version of this article is published within an Open Access environment subject to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution licence <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/. |
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Open Access Journal |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
US National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| building |
NCBI PubMed |
| collection |
Online Access |
| language |
English |
| format |
Online |
| author |
VAN WYK, ILANA CONRADIE GODDARD, AMELIA DE C. BRONSVOORT, B. MARK COETZER, JACOBUS A. W. HANDEL, IAN G. HANOTTE, OLIVIER JENNINGS, AMY LESOSKY, MAIA KIARA, HENRY THUMBI, SAM M. TOYE, PHIL WOOLHOUSE, MARK W. PENZHORN, BANIE L. |
| spellingShingle |
VAN WYK, ILANA CONRADIE GODDARD, AMELIA DE C. BRONSVOORT, B. MARK COETZER, JACOBUS A. W. HANDEL, IAN G. HANOTTE, OLIVIER JENNINGS, AMY LESOSKY, MAIA KIARA, HENRY THUMBI, SAM M. TOYE, PHIL WOOLHOUSE, MARK W. PENZHORN, BANIE L. The impact of co-infections on the haematological profile of East African Short-horn Zebu calves |
| author_facet |
VAN WYK, ILANA CONRADIE GODDARD, AMELIA DE C. BRONSVOORT, B. MARK COETZER, JACOBUS A. W. HANDEL, IAN G. HANOTTE, OLIVIER JENNINGS, AMY LESOSKY, MAIA KIARA, HENRY THUMBI, SAM M. TOYE, PHIL WOOLHOUSE, MARK W. PENZHORN, BANIE L. |
| author_sort |
VAN WYK, ILANA CONRADIE |
| title |
The impact of co-infections on the haematological profile of East African Short-horn Zebu calves |
| title_short |
The impact of co-infections on the haematological profile of East African Short-horn Zebu calves |
| title_full |
The impact of co-infections on the haematological profile of East African Short-horn Zebu calves |
| title_fullStr |
The impact of co-infections on the haematological profile of East African Short-horn Zebu calves |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The impact of co-infections on the haematological profile of East African Short-horn Zebu calves |
| title_sort |
impact of co-infections on the haematological profile of east african short-horn zebu calves |
| description |
The cumulative effect of co-infections between pathogen pairs on the haematological response of East African Short-horn Zebu calves is described. Using a longitudinal study design a stratified clustered random sample of newborn calves were recruited into the Infectious Diseases of East African Livestock (IDEAL) study and monitored at 5-weekly intervals until 51 weeks of age. At each visit samples were collected and analysed to determine the infection status of each calf as well as their haematological response. The haematological parameters investigated included packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cell count (WBC) and platelet count (Plt). The pathogens of interest included tick-borne protozoa and rickettsias, trypanosomes and intestinal parasites. Generalized additive mixed-effect models were used to model the infectious status of pathogens against each haematological parameter, including significant interactions between pathogens. These models were further used to predict the cumulative effect of co-infecting pathogen pairs on each haematological parameter. The most significant decrease in PCV was found with co-infections of trypanosomes and strongyles. Strongyle infections also resulted in a significant decrease in WBC at a high infectious load. Trypanosomes were the major cause of thrombocytopenia. Platelet counts were also affected by interactions between tick-borne pathogens. Interactions between concomitant pathogens were found to complicate the prognosis and clinical presentation of infected calves and should be taken into consideration in any study that investigates disease under field conditions. |
| publisher |
Cambridge University Press |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4021814/ |
| _version_ |
1612089350906970112 |