The Role of DNA Methylation in Common Skeletal Disorders
Bone is a complex connective tissue characterized by a calcified extracellular matrix. This mineralized matrix is constantly being formed and resorbed throughout life, allowing the bone to adapt to daily mechanical loads and maintain skeletal properties and composition. The imbalance between bone fo...
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| Format: | Online |
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MDPI
2012
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| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4009801/ |
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pubmed-40098012014-05-07 The Role of DNA Methylation in Common Skeletal Disorders Delgado-Calle, Jesús Riancho, José A. Review Bone is a complex connective tissue characterized by a calcified extracellular matrix. This mineralized matrix is constantly being formed and resorbed throughout life, allowing the bone to adapt to daily mechanical loads and maintain skeletal properties and composition. The imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption leads to changes in bone mass. This is the case of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, two common skeletal disorders. While osteoporosis is characterized by a decreased bone mass and, consequently, higher susceptibly to fractures, bone mass tends to be higher in patients with osteoarthritis, especially in the subchondral bone region. It is known that these diseases are influenced by heritable factors. However, the DNA polymorphisms identified so far in GWAS explain less than 10% of the genetic risk, suggesting that other factors, and specifically epigenetic mechanisms, are involved in the pathogenesis of these disorders. This review summarizes current knowledge about the influence of epigenetic marks on bone homeostasis, paying special attention to the role of DNA methylation in the onset and progression of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. MDPI 2012-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC4009801/ /pubmed/24832515 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology1030698 Text en © 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). |
| repository_type |
Open Access Journal |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
US National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| building |
NCBI PubMed |
| collection |
Online Access |
| language |
English |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Delgado-Calle, Jesús Riancho, José A. |
| spellingShingle |
Delgado-Calle, Jesús Riancho, José A. The Role of DNA Methylation in Common Skeletal Disorders |
| author_facet |
Delgado-Calle, Jesús Riancho, José A. |
| author_sort |
Delgado-Calle, Jesús |
| title |
The Role of DNA Methylation in Common Skeletal Disorders |
| title_short |
The Role of DNA Methylation in Common Skeletal Disorders |
| title_full |
The Role of DNA Methylation in Common Skeletal Disorders |
| title_fullStr |
The Role of DNA Methylation in Common Skeletal Disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Role of DNA Methylation in Common Skeletal Disorders |
| title_sort |
role of dna methylation in common skeletal disorders |
| description |
Bone is a complex connective tissue characterized by a calcified extracellular matrix. This mineralized matrix is constantly being formed and resorbed throughout life, allowing the bone to adapt to daily mechanical loads and maintain skeletal properties and composition. The imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption leads to changes in bone mass. This is the case of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, two common skeletal disorders. While osteoporosis is characterized by a decreased bone mass and, consequently, higher susceptibly to fractures, bone mass tends to be higher in patients with osteoarthritis, especially in the subchondral bone region. It is known that these diseases are influenced by heritable factors. However, the DNA polymorphisms identified so far in GWAS explain less than 10% of the genetic risk, suggesting that other factors, and specifically epigenetic mechanisms, are involved in the pathogenesis of these disorders. This review summarizes current knowledge about the influence of epigenetic marks on bone homeostasis, paying special attention to the role of DNA methylation in the onset and progression of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. |
| publisher |
MDPI |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4009801/ |
| _version_ |
1612085304041144320 |