Physical activity reduces hippocampal atrophy in elders at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease

We examined the impact of physical activity (PA) on longitudinal change in hippocampal volume in cognitively intact older adults at varying genetic risk for the sporadic form of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hippocampal volume was measured from structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans admi...

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Main Authors:	Smith, J. Carson, Nielson, Kristy A., Woodard, John L., Seidenberg, Michael, Durgerian, Sally, Hazlett, Kathleen E., Figueroa, Christina M., Kandah, Cassandra C., Kay, Christina D., Matthews, Monica A., Rao, Stephen M.
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2014
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4005962/

id	pubmed-4005962
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-40059622014-05-02 Physical activity reduces hippocampal atrophy in elders at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease Smith, J. Carson Nielson, Kristy A. Woodard, John L. Seidenberg, Michael Durgerian, Sally Hazlett, Kathleen E. Figueroa, Christina M. Kandah, Cassandra C. Kay, Christina D. Matthews, Monica A. Rao, Stephen M. Neuroscience We examined the impact of physical activity (PA) on longitudinal change in hippocampal volume in cognitively intact older adults at varying genetic risk for the sporadic form of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hippocampal volume was measured from structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans administered at baseline and at an 18-month follow-up in 97 healthy, cognitively intact older adults. Participants were classified as High or Low PA based on a self-report questionnaire of frequency and intensity of exercise. Risk status was defined by the presence or absence of the apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4 (APOE-ε4) allele. Four subgroups were studied: Low Risk/High PA (n = 24), Low Risk/Low PA (n = 34), High Risk/High PA (n = 22), and High Risk/Low PA (n = 17). Over the 18 month follow-up interval, hippocampal volume decreased by 3% in the High Risk/Low PA group, but remained stable in the three remaining groups. No main effects or interactions between genetic risk and PA were observed in control brain regions, including the caudate, amygdala, thalamus, pre-central gyrus, caudal middle frontal gyrus, cortical white matter (WM), and total gray matter (GM). These findings suggest that PA may help to preserve hippocampal volume in individuals at increased genetic risk for AD. The protective effects of PA on hippocampal atrophy were not observed in individuals at low risk for AD. These data suggest that individuals at genetic risk for AD should be targeted for increased levels of PA as a means of reducing atrophy in a brain region critical for the formation of episodic memories. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-04-23 /pmc/articles/PMC4005962/ /pubmed/24795624 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2014.00061 Text en Copyright © 2014 Smith, Nielson, Woodard, Seidenberg, Durgerian, Hazlett, Figueroa, Kandah, Kay, Matthews and Rao. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Smith, J. Carson Nielson, Kristy A. Woodard, John L. Seidenberg, Michael Durgerian, Sally Hazlett, Kathleen E. Figueroa, Christina M. Kandah, Cassandra C. Kay, Christina D. Matthews, Monica A. Rao, Stephen M.
spellingShingle	Smith, J. Carson Nielson, Kristy A. Woodard, John L. Seidenberg, Michael Durgerian, Sally Hazlett, Kathleen E. Figueroa, Christina M. Kandah, Cassandra C. Kay, Christina D. Matthews, Monica A. Rao, Stephen M. Physical activity reduces hippocampal atrophy in elders at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease
author_facet	Smith, J. Carson Nielson, Kristy A. Woodard, John L. Seidenberg, Michael Durgerian, Sally Hazlett, Kathleen E. Figueroa, Christina M. Kandah, Cassandra C. Kay, Christina D. Matthews, Monica A. Rao, Stephen M.
author_sort	Smith, J. Carson
title	Physical activity reduces hippocampal atrophy in elders at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease
title_short	Physical activity reduces hippocampal atrophy in elders at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease
title_full	Physical activity reduces hippocampal atrophy in elders at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease
title_fullStr	Physical activity reduces hippocampal atrophy in elders at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease
title_full_unstemmed	Physical activity reduces hippocampal atrophy in elders at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease
title_sort	physical activity reduces hippocampal atrophy in elders at genetic risk for alzheimer's disease
description	We examined the impact of physical activity (PA) on longitudinal change in hippocampal volume in cognitively intact older adults at varying genetic risk for the sporadic form of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hippocampal volume was measured from structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans administered at baseline and at an 18-month follow-up in 97 healthy, cognitively intact older adults. Participants were classified as High or Low PA based on a self-report questionnaire of frequency and intensity of exercise. Risk status was defined by the presence or absence of the apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4 (APOE-ε4) allele. Four subgroups were studied: Low Risk/High PA (n = 24), Low Risk/Low PA (n = 34), High Risk/High PA (n = 22), and High Risk/Low PA (n = 17). Over the 18 month follow-up interval, hippocampal volume decreased by 3% in the High Risk/Low PA group, but remained stable in the three remaining groups. No main effects or interactions between genetic risk and PA were observed in control brain regions, including the caudate, amygdala, thalamus, pre-central gyrus, caudal middle frontal gyrus, cortical white matter (WM), and total gray matter (GM). These findings suggest that PA may help to preserve hippocampal volume in individuals at increased genetic risk for AD. The protective effects of PA on hippocampal atrophy were not observed in individuals at low risk for AD. These data suggest that individuals at genetic risk for AD should be targeted for increased levels of PA as a means of reducing atrophy in a brain region critical for the formation of episodic memories.
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2014
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4005962/
_version_	1612084097843200000

Physical activity reduces hippocampal atrophy in elders at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease

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