Seasonal Variation in Human Gut Microbiome Composition

The composition of the human gut microbiome is influenced by many environmental factors. Diet is thought to be one of the most important determinants, though we have limited understanding of the extent to which dietary fluctuations alter variation in the gut microbiome between individuals. In this s...

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Main Authors:	Davenport, Emily R., Mizrahi-Man, Orna, Michelini, Katelyn, Barreiro, Luis B., Ober, Carole, Gilad, Yoav
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Public Library of Science 2014
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3949691/

id	pubmed-3949691
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-39496912014-03-12 Seasonal Variation in Human Gut Microbiome Composition Davenport, Emily R. Mizrahi-Man, Orna Michelini, Katelyn Barreiro, Luis B. Ober, Carole Gilad, Yoav Research Article The composition of the human gut microbiome is influenced by many environmental factors. Diet is thought to be one of the most important determinants, though we have limited understanding of the extent to which dietary fluctuations alter variation in the gut microbiome between individuals. In this study, we examined variation in gut microbiome composition between winter and summer over the course of one year in 60 members of a founder population, the Hutterites. Because of their communal lifestyle, Hutterite diets are similar across individuals and remarkably stable throughout the year, with the exception that fresh produce is primarily served during the summer and autumn months. Our data indicate that despite overall gut microbiome stability within individuals over time, there are consistent and significant population-wide shifts in microbiome composition across seasons. We found seasonal differences in both (i) the abundance of particular taxa (false discovery rate <0.05), including highly abundant phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and (ii) overall gut microbiome diversity (by Shannon diversity; P = 0.001). It is likely that the dietary fluctuations between seasons with respect to produce availability explain, at least in part, these differences in microbiome composition. For example, high levels of produce containing complex carbohydrates consumed during the summer months might explain increased abundance of Bacteroidetes, which contain complex carbohydrate digesters, and decreased levels of Actinobacteria, which have been negatively correlated to fiber content in food questionnaires. Our observations demonstrate the plastic nature of the human gut microbiome in response to variation in diet. Public Library of Science 2014-03-11 /pmc/articles/PMC3949691/ /pubmed/24618913 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090731 Text en © 2014 Davenport et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Davenport, Emily R. Mizrahi-Man, Orna Michelini, Katelyn Barreiro, Luis B. Ober, Carole Gilad, Yoav
spellingShingle	Davenport, Emily R. Mizrahi-Man, Orna Michelini, Katelyn Barreiro, Luis B. Ober, Carole Gilad, Yoav Seasonal Variation in Human Gut Microbiome Composition
author_facet	Davenport, Emily R. Mizrahi-Man, Orna Michelini, Katelyn Barreiro, Luis B. Ober, Carole Gilad, Yoav
author_sort	Davenport, Emily R.
title	Seasonal Variation in Human Gut Microbiome Composition
title_short	Seasonal Variation in Human Gut Microbiome Composition
title_full	Seasonal Variation in Human Gut Microbiome Composition
title_fullStr	Seasonal Variation in Human Gut Microbiome Composition
title_full_unstemmed	Seasonal Variation in Human Gut Microbiome Composition
title_sort	seasonal variation in human gut microbiome composition
description	The composition of the human gut microbiome is influenced by many environmental factors. Diet is thought to be one of the most important determinants, though we have limited understanding of the extent to which dietary fluctuations alter variation in the gut microbiome between individuals. In this study, we examined variation in gut microbiome composition between winter and summer over the course of one year in 60 members of a founder population, the Hutterites. Because of their communal lifestyle, Hutterite diets are similar across individuals and remarkably stable throughout the year, with the exception that fresh produce is primarily served during the summer and autumn months. Our data indicate that despite overall gut microbiome stability within individuals over time, there are consistent and significant population-wide shifts in microbiome composition across seasons. We found seasonal differences in both (i) the abundance of particular taxa (false discovery rate <0.05), including highly abundant phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and (ii) overall gut microbiome diversity (by Shannon diversity; P = 0.001). It is likely that the dietary fluctuations between seasons with respect to produce availability explain, at least in part, these differences in microbiome composition. For example, high levels of produce containing complex carbohydrates consumed during the summer months might explain increased abundance of Bacteroidetes, which contain complex carbohydrate digesters, and decreased levels of Actinobacteria, which have been negatively correlated to fiber content in food questionnaires. Our observations demonstrate the plastic nature of the human gut microbiome in response to variation in diet.
publisher	Public Library of Science
publishDate	2014
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3949691/
_version_	1612066420736131072

Seasonal Variation in Human Gut Microbiome Composition

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