Astrocyte Dysfunctions and HIV-1 Neurotoxicity
Astrocytes play an important role in maintaining an optically suited milieu for neuronal functionality, and are involved in the progression and outcome of many neuropathological conditions. It becomes increasingly evident that astrocytes are significant contributors to HIV-1 associated neurological...
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| Format: | Online |
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2013
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| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3938291/ |
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pubmed-39382912014-02-28 Astrocyte Dysfunctions and HIV-1 Neurotoxicity Ton, Hoai Xiong, Huangui Article Astrocytes play an important role in maintaining an optically suited milieu for neuronal functionality, and are involved in the progression and outcome of many neuropathological conditions. It becomes increasingly evident that astrocytes are significant contributors to HIV-1 associated neurological disorders by modulating the microenvironment in the central nervous system and releasing proinflammatory cytokines. Recent studies have revealed direct metabolic interactions between neurons and astrocytes observed particularly in HIV-1-associated neurological disorders by which astrocytic dysfunctions disregulate extracellular K+ homeostasis, intracellular calcium concentration, glutamate clearance, and blood brain barrier integrity and permeability. Such dysfunctions are amplified via gap junctions, directly or indirectly impacting surrounding neurons and significantly contributing to the pathogenesis of HIV-1-associated neuropathology. In this review, we tentatively address recent progresses on the roles astrocytes may play in HIV-1-associated neurotoxicity. 2013-11-19 2013-11-01 /pmc/articles/PMC3938291/ /pubmed/24587966 http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-6113.1000255 Text en Copyright: © 2013 Ton H, et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
| repository_type |
Open Access Journal |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
US National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| building |
NCBI PubMed |
| collection |
Online Access |
| language |
English |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Ton, Hoai Xiong, Huangui |
| spellingShingle |
Ton, Hoai Xiong, Huangui Astrocyte Dysfunctions and HIV-1 Neurotoxicity |
| author_facet |
Ton, Hoai Xiong, Huangui |
| author_sort |
Ton, Hoai |
| title |
Astrocyte Dysfunctions and HIV-1 Neurotoxicity |
| title_short |
Astrocyte Dysfunctions and HIV-1 Neurotoxicity |
| title_full |
Astrocyte Dysfunctions and HIV-1 Neurotoxicity |
| title_fullStr |
Astrocyte Dysfunctions and HIV-1 Neurotoxicity |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Astrocyte Dysfunctions and HIV-1 Neurotoxicity |
| title_sort |
astrocyte dysfunctions and hiv-1 neurotoxicity |
| description |
Astrocytes play an important role in maintaining an optically suited milieu for neuronal functionality, and are involved in the progression and outcome of many neuropathological conditions. It becomes increasingly evident that astrocytes are significant contributors to HIV-1 associated neurological disorders by modulating the microenvironment in the central nervous system and releasing proinflammatory cytokines. Recent studies have revealed direct metabolic interactions between neurons and astrocytes observed particularly in HIV-1-associated neurological disorders by which astrocytic dysfunctions disregulate extracellular K+ homeostasis, intracellular calcium concentration, glutamate clearance, and blood brain barrier integrity and permeability. Such dysfunctions are amplified via gap junctions, directly or indirectly impacting surrounding neurons and significantly contributing to the pathogenesis of HIV-1-associated neuropathology. In this review, we tentatively address recent progresses on the roles astrocytes may play in HIV-1-associated neurotoxicity. |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3938291/ |
| _version_ |
1612063051531419648 |