Modeling Malaria Infection and Immunity against Variant Surface Antigens in Príncipe Island, West Africa

After remarkable success of vector control campaigns worldwide, concerns about loss of immunity against Plasmodium falciparum due to lack of exposure to the parasite are relevant since an increase of severe cases in less immune individuals is expected. We present a mathematical model to investigate...

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Main Authors:	Bandeiras, Cátia, Trovoada, Maria Jesus, Gonçalves, Lígia A., Marinho, Cláudio R. F., Turner, Louise, Hviid, Lars, Penha-Gonçalves, Carlos, Gomes, M. Gabriela M.
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Public Library of Science 2014
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3919732/

id	pubmed-3919732
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-39197322014-02-11 Modeling Malaria Infection and Immunity against Variant Surface Antigens in Príncipe Island, West Africa Bandeiras, Cátia Trovoada, Maria Jesus Gonçalves, Lígia A. Marinho, Cláudio R. F. Turner, Louise Hviid, Lars Penha-Gonçalves, Carlos Gomes, M. Gabriela M. Research Article After remarkable success of vector control campaigns worldwide, concerns about loss of immunity against Plasmodium falciparum due to lack of exposure to the parasite are relevant since an increase of severe cases in less immune individuals is expected. We present a mathematical model to investigate the impact of reducing exposure to the parasite on the immune repertoire against P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) variants. The model was parameterized with data from Príncipe Island, West Africa, and applied to simulate two alternative transmission scenarios: one where control measures are continued to eventually drive the system to elimination; and another where the effort is interrupted after 6 years of its initiation and the system returns to the initial transmission potential. Population dynamics of parasite prevalence predict that in a few years infection levels return to the pre-control values, while the re-acquisition of the immune repertoire against PfEMP1 is slower, creating a window for increased severity. The model illustrates the consequences of loss of immune repertoire against PfEMP1 in a given setting and can be applied to other regions where similar data may be available. Public Library of Science 2014-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC3919732/ /pubmed/24520349 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088110 Text en © 2014 Bandeiras et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Bandeiras, Cátia Trovoada, Maria Jesus Gonçalves, Lígia A. Marinho, Cláudio R. F. Turner, Louise Hviid, Lars Penha-Gonçalves, Carlos Gomes, M. Gabriela M.
spellingShingle	Bandeiras, Cátia Trovoada, Maria Jesus Gonçalves, Lígia A. Marinho, Cláudio R. F. Turner, Louise Hviid, Lars Penha-Gonçalves, Carlos Gomes, M. Gabriela M. Modeling Malaria Infection and Immunity against Variant Surface Antigens in Príncipe Island, West Africa
author_facet	Bandeiras, Cátia Trovoada, Maria Jesus Gonçalves, Lígia A. Marinho, Cláudio R. F. Turner, Louise Hviid, Lars Penha-Gonçalves, Carlos Gomes, M. Gabriela M.
author_sort	Bandeiras, Cátia
title	Modeling Malaria Infection and Immunity against Variant Surface Antigens in Príncipe Island, West Africa
title_short	Modeling Malaria Infection and Immunity against Variant Surface Antigens in Príncipe Island, West Africa
title_full	Modeling Malaria Infection and Immunity against Variant Surface Antigens in Príncipe Island, West Africa
title_fullStr	Modeling Malaria Infection and Immunity against Variant Surface Antigens in Príncipe Island, West Africa
title_full_unstemmed	Modeling Malaria Infection and Immunity against Variant Surface Antigens in Príncipe Island, West Africa
title_sort	modeling malaria infection and immunity against variant surface antigens in príncipe island, west africa
description	After remarkable success of vector control campaigns worldwide, concerns about loss of immunity against Plasmodium falciparum due to lack of exposure to the parasite are relevant since an increase of severe cases in less immune individuals is expected. We present a mathematical model to investigate the impact of reducing exposure to the parasite on the immune repertoire against P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) variants. The model was parameterized with data from Príncipe Island, West Africa, and applied to simulate two alternative transmission scenarios: one where control measures are continued to eventually drive the system to elimination; and another where the effort is interrupted after 6 years of its initiation and the system returns to the initial transmission potential. Population dynamics of parasite prevalence predict that in a few years infection levels return to the pre-control values, while the re-acquisition of the immune repertoire against PfEMP1 is slower, creating a window for increased severity. The model illustrates the consequences of loss of immune repertoire against PfEMP1 in a given setting and can be applied to other regions where similar data may be available.
publisher	Public Library of Science
publishDate	2014
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3919732/
_version_	1612056822313648128

Modeling Malaria Infection and Immunity against Variant Surface Antigens in Príncipe Island, West Africa

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