Distribution and dynamics of epidemic and pandemic Vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence factors

Vibrio parahaemolyticus, autochthonous to estuarine, marine, and coastal environments throughout the world, is the causative agent of food-borne gastroenteritis. More than 80 serotypes have been described worldwide, based on antigenic properties of the somatic (O) and capsular (K) antigens. Serovar...

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Main Authors:	Ceccarelli, Daniela, Hasan, Nur A., Huq, Anwar, Colwell, Rita R.
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2013
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3858888/

id	pubmed-3858888
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-38588882013-12-27 Distribution and dynamics of epidemic and pandemic Vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence factors Ceccarelli, Daniela Hasan, Nur A. Huq, Anwar Colwell, Rita R. Microbiology Vibrio parahaemolyticus, autochthonous to estuarine, marine, and coastal environments throughout the world, is the causative agent of food-borne gastroenteritis. More than 80 serotypes have been described worldwide, based on antigenic properties of the somatic (O) and capsular (K) antigens. Serovar O3:K6 emerged in India in 1996 and subsequently was isolated worldwide, leading to the conclusion that the first V. parahaemolyticus pandemic had taken place. Most strains of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from the environment or seafood, in contrast to clinical strains, do not produce a thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) and/or a TDH-related hemolysin (TRH). Type 3 secretion systems (T3SSs), needle-like apparatuses able to deliver bacterial effectors into host cytoplasm, were identified as triggering cytotoxicity and enterotoxicity. Type 6 secretion systems (T6SS) predicted to be involved in intracellular trafficking and vesicular transport appear to play a role in V. parahaemolyticus virulence. Recent advances in V. parahaemolyticus genomics identified several pathogenicity islands (VpaIs) located on either chromosome in both epidemic and pandemic strains and comprising additional colonization factors, such as restriction-modification complexes, chemotaxis proteins, classical bacterial surface virulence factors, and putative colicins. Furthermore, studies indicate strains lacking toxins and genomic regions associated with pathogenicity may also be pathogenic, suggesting other important virulence factors remain to be identified. The unique repertoire of virulence factors identified to date, their occurrence and distribution in both epidemic and pandemic strains worldwide are described, with the aim of highlighting the complexity of V. parahaemolyticus pathogenicity as well as its dynamic genome. Frontiers Media S.A. 2013-12-11 /pmc/articles/PMC3858888/ /pubmed/24377090 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2013.00097 Text en Copyright © 2013 Ceccarelli, Hasan, Huq and Colwell. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Ceccarelli, Daniela Hasan, Nur A. Huq, Anwar Colwell, Rita R.
spellingShingle	Ceccarelli, Daniela Hasan, Nur A. Huq, Anwar Colwell, Rita R. Distribution and dynamics of epidemic and pandemic Vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence factors
author_facet	Ceccarelli, Daniela Hasan, Nur A. Huq, Anwar Colwell, Rita R.
author_sort	Ceccarelli, Daniela
title	Distribution and dynamics of epidemic and pandemic Vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence factors
title_short	Distribution and dynamics of epidemic and pandemic Vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence factors
title_full	Distribution and dynamics of epidemic and pandemic Vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence factors
title_fullStr	Distribution and dynamics of epidemic and pandemic Vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence factors
title_full_unstemmed	Distribution and dynamics of epidemic and pandemic Vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence factors
title_sort	distribution and dynamics of epidemic and pandemic vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence factors
description	Vibrio parahaemolyticus, autochthonous to estuarine, marine, and coastal environments throughout the world, is the causative agent of food-borne gastroenteritis. More than 80 serotypes have been described worldwide, based on antigenic properties of the somatic (O) and capsular (K) antigens. Serovar O3:K6 emerged in India in 1996 and subsequently was isolated worldwide, leading to the conclusion that the first V. parahaemolyticus pandemic had taken place. Most strains of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from the environment or seafood, in contrast to clinical strains, do not produce a thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) and/or a TDH-related hemolysin (TRH). Type 3 secretion systems (T3SSs), needle-like apparatuses able to deliver bacterial effectors into host cytoplasm, were identified as triggering cytotoxicity and enterotoxicity. Type 6 secretion systems (T6SS) predicted to be involved in intracellular trafficking and vesicular transport appear to play a role in V. parahaemolyticus virulence. Recent advances in V. parahaemolyticus genomics identified several pathogenicity islands (VpaIs) located on either chromosome in both epidemic and pandemic strains and comprising additional colonization factors, such as restriction-modification complexes, chemotaxis proteins, classical bacterial surface virulence factors, and putative colicins. Furthermore, studies indicate strains lacking toxins and genomic regions associated with pathogenicity may also be pathogenic, suggesting other important virulence factors remain to be identified. The unique repertoire of virulence factors identified to date, their occurrence and distribution in both epidemic and pandemic strains worldwide are described, with the aim of highlighting the complexity of V. parahaemolyticus pathogenicity as well as its dynamic genome.
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2013
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3858888/
_version_	1612037255148339200

Distribution and dynamics of epidemic and pandemic Vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence factors

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