Bayesian Inference of the Evolution of HBV/E
Despite its wide spread and high prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa, hepatitis B virus genotype E (HBV/E) has a surprisingly low genetic diversity, indicating an only recent emergence of this genotype in the general African population. Here, we performed extensive phylogeographic analyses, including B...
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| Format: | Online |
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Public Library of Science
2013
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| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3843692/ |
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pubmed-3843692 |
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pubmed-38436922013-12-05 Bayesian Inference of the Evolution of HBV/E Andernach, Iris E. Hunewald, Oliver E. Muller, Claude P. Research Article Despite its wide spread and high prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa, hepatitis B virus genotype E (HBV/E) has a surprisingly low genetic diversity, indicating an only recent emergence of this genotype in the general African population. Here, we performed extensive phylogeographic analyses, including Bayesian MCMC modeling. Our results indicate a mutation rate of 1.9×10−4 substitutions per site and year (s/s/y) and confirm a recent emergence of HBV/E, most likely within the last 130 years, and only after the transatlantic slave-trade had come to an end. Our analyses suggest that HBV/E originated from the area of Nigeria, before rapidly spreading throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Interestingly, viral strains found in Haiti seem to be the result of multiple introductions only in the second half of the 20th century, corroborating an absence of a significant number of HBV/E strains in West Africa several centuries ago. Our results confirm that the hyperendemicity of HBV(E) in today's Africa is a recent phenomenon and likely the result of dramatic changes in the routes of viral transmission in a relatively recent past. Public Library of Science 2013-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC3843692/ /pubmed/24312336 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081690 Text en © 2013 Andernach et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
| repository_type |
Open Access Journal |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
US National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| building |
NCBI PubMed |
| collection |
Online Access |
| language |
English |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Andernach, Iris E. Hunewald, Oliver E. Muller, Claude P. |
| spellingShingle |
Andernach, Iris E. Hunewald, Oliver E. Muller, Claude P. Bayesian Inference of the Evolution of HBV/E |
| author_facet |
Andernach, Iris E. Hunewald, Oliver E. Muller, Claude P. |
| author_sort |
Andernach, Iris E. |
| title |
Bayesian Inference of the Evolution of HBV/E |
| title_short |
Bayesian Inference of the Evolution of HBV/E |
| title_full |
Bayesian Inference of the Evolution of HBV/E |
| title_fullStr |
Bayesian Inference of the Evolution of HBV/E |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Bayesian Inference of the Evolution of HBV/E |
| title_sort |
bayesian inference of the evolution of hbv/e |
| description |
Despite its wide spread and high prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa, hepatitis B virus genotype E (HBV/E) has a surprisingly low genetic diversity, indicating an only recent emergence of this genotype in the general African population. Here, we performed extensive phylogeographic analyses, including Bayesian MCMC modeling. Our results indicate a mutation rate of 1.9×10−4 substitutions per site and year (s/s/y) and confirm a recent emergence of HBV/E, most likely within the last 130 years, and only after the transatlantic slave-trade had come to an end. Our analyses suggest that HBV/E originated from the area of Nigeria, before rapidly spreading throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Interestingly, viral strains found in Haiti seem to be the result of multiple introductions only in the second half of the 20th century, corroborating an absence of a significant number of HBV/E strains in West Africa several centuries ago. Our results confirm that the hyperendemicity of HBV(E) in today's Africa is a recent phenomenon and likely the result of dramatic changes in the routes of viral transmission in a relatively recent past. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3843692/ |
| _version_ |
1612031734417719296 |