GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes

The identification of diabetes-relevant islet autoantibodies is essential for predicting and preventing type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of the current study was to evaluate a newly developed electrochemiluminescence (ECL)-GAD antibody (GADA) assay and compare its sensitivity and disease relevance wit...

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Main Authors:	Miao, Dongmei, Guyer, K. Michelle, Dong, Fran, Jiang, Ling, Steck, Andrea K., Rewers, Marian, Eisenbarth, George S., Yu, Liping
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	American Diabetes Association 2013
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3837058/

id	pubmed-3837058
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-38370582014-12-01 GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes Miao, Dongmei Guyer, K. Michelle Dong, Fran Jiang, Ling Steck, Andrea K. Rewers, Marian Eisenbarth, George S. Yu, Liping Original Research The identification of diabetes-relevant islet autoantibodies is essential for predicting and preventing type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of the current study was to evaluate a newly developed electrochemiluminescence (ECL)-GAD antibody (GADA) assay and compare its sensitivity and disease relevance with standard radioassay. The assay was validated with serum samples from 227 newly diagnosed diabetic children; 68 prediabetic children who were prospectively followed to T1D; 130 nondiabetic children with confirmed islet autoantibodies to insulin, GAD65, IA-2, and/or ZnT8 longitudinally followed for 12 ± 3.7 years; and 181 age-matched, healthy, antibody-negative children. The ECL-GADA assay had a sensitivity similar to that of the standard GADA radioassay in children newly diagnosed with T1D, prediabetic children, and high-risk children with multiple positive islet autoantibodies. On the other hand, only 9 of 39 nondiabetic children with only a single islet autoantibody (GADA only) by radioassay were positive for ECL-GADA. GADA not detectable by ECL assay is shown to be of low affinity and likely not predictive of future diabetes. In conclusion, the new ECL assay identifies disease-relevant GADA by radioassay. It may help to improve the prediction and correct diagnosis of T1D among subjects positive only for GADA and no other islet autoantibodies. American Diabetes Association 2013-12 2013-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC3837058/ /pubmed/23974918 http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db13-0534 Text en © 2013 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Miao, Dongmei Guyer, K. Michelle Dong, Fran Jiang, Ling Steck, Andrea K. Rewers, Marian Eisenbarth, George S. Yu, Liping
spellingShingle	Miao, Dongmei Guyer, K. Michelle Dong, Fran Jiang, Ling Steck, Andrea K. Rewers, Marian Eisenbarth, George S. Yu, Liping GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
author_facet	Miao, Dongmei Guyer, K. Michelle Dong, Fran Jiang, Ling Steck, Andrea K. Rewers, Marian Eisenbarth, George S. Yu, Liping
author_sort	Miao, Dongmei
title	GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
title_short	GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
title_full	GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
title_fullStr	GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
title_full_unstemmed	GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
title_sort	gad65 autoantibodies detected by electrochemiluminescence assay identify high risk for type 1 diabetes
description	The identification of diabetes-relevant islet autoantibodies is essential for predicting and preventing type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of the current study was to evaluate a newly developed electrochemiluminescence (ECL)-GAD antibody (GADA) assay and compare its sensitivity and disease relevance with standard radioassay. The assay was validated with serum samples from 227 newly diagnosed diabetic children; 68 prediabetic children who were prospectively followed to T1D; 130 nondiabetic children with confirmed islet autoantibodies to insulin, GAD65, IA-2, and/or ZnT8 longitudinally followed for 12 ± 3.7 years; and 181 age-matched, healthy, antibody-negative children. The ECL-GADA assay had a sensitivity similar to that of the standard GADA radioassay in children newly diagnosed with T1D, prediabetic children, and high-risk children with multiple positive islet autoantibodies. On the other hand, only 9 of 39 nondiabetic children with only a single islet autoantibody (GADA only) by radioassay were positive for ECL-GADA. GADA not detectable by ECL assay is shown to be of low affinity and likely not predictive of future diabetes. In conclusion, the new ECL assay identifies disease-relevant GADA by radioassay. It may help to improve the prediction and correct diagnosis of T1D among subjects positive only for GADA and no other islet autoantibodies.
publisher	American Diabetes Association
publishDate	2013
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3837058/
_version_	1612029908053131264

GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes

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