Neurophysiology of Robot-Mediated Training and Therapy: A Perspective for Future Use in Clinical Populations

The recovery of functional movements following injury to the central nervous system (CNS) is multifaceted and is accompanied by processes occurring in the injured and non-injured hemispheres of the brain or above/below a spinal cord lesion. The changes in the CNS are the consequence of functional an...

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Main Authors:	Turner, Duncan L., Ramos-Murguialday, Ander, Birbaumer, Niels, Hoffmann, Ulrich, Luft, Andreas
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2013
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3826107/

id	pubmed-3826107
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-38261072013-12-05 Neurophysiology of Robot-Mediated Training and Therapy: A Perspective for Future Use in Clinical Populations Turner, Duncan L. Ramos-Murguialday, Ander Birbaumer, Niels Hoffmann, Ulrich Luft, Andreas Neuroscience The recovery of functional movements following injury to the central nervous system (CNS) is multifaceted and is accompanied by processes occurring in the injured and non-injured hemispheres of the brain or above/below a spinal cord lesion. The changes in the CNS are the consequence of functional and structural processes collectively termed neuroplasticity and these may occur spontaneously and/or be induced by movement practice. The neurophysiological mechanisms underlying such brain plasticity may take different forms in different types of injury, for example stroke vs. spinal cord injury (SCI). Recovery of movement can be enhanced by intensive, repetitive, variable, and rewarding motor practice. To this end, robots that enable or facilitate repetitive movements have been developed to assist recovery and rehabilitation. Here, we suggest that some elements of robot-mediated training such as assistance and perturbation may have the potential to enhance neuroplasticity. Together the elemental components for developing integrated robot-mediated training protocols may form part of a neurorehabilitation framework alongside those methods already employed by therapists. Robots could thus open up a wider choice of options for delivering movement rehabilitation grounded on the principles underpinning neuroplasticity in the human CNS. Frontiers Media S.A. 2013-11-13 /pmc/articles/PMC3826107/ /pubmed/24312073 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2013.00184 Text en Copyright © 2013 Turner, Ramos-Murguialday, Birbaumer, Hoffmann and Luft. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Turner, Duncan L. Ramos-Murguialday, Ander Birbaumer, Niels Hoffmann, Ulrich Luft, Andreas
spellingShingle	Turner, Duncan L. Ramos-Murguialday, Ander Birbaumer, Niels Hoffmann, Ulrich Luft, Andreas Neurophysiology of Robot-Mediated Training and Therapy: A Perspective for Future Use in Clinical Populations
author_facet	Turner, Duncan L. Ramos-Murguialday, Ander Birbaumer, Niels Hoffmann, Ulrich Luft, Andreas
author_sort	Turner, Duncan L.
title	Neurophysiology of Robot-Mediated Training and Therapy: A Perspective for Future Use in Clinical Populations
title_short	Neurophysiology of Robot-Mediated Training and Therapy: A Perspective for Future Use in Clinical Populations
title_full	Neurophysiology of Robot-Mediated Training and Therapy: A Perspective for Future Use in Clinical Populations
title_fullStr	Neurophysiology of Robot-Mediated Training and Therapy: A Perspective for Future Use in Clinical Populations
title_full_unstemmed	Neurophysiology of Robot-Mediated Training and Therapy: A Perspective for Future Use in Clinical Populations
title_sort	neurophysiology of robot-mediated training and therapy: a perspective for future use in clinical populations
description	The recovery of functional movements following injury to the central nervous system (CNS) is multifaceted and is accompanied by processes occurring in the injured and non-injured hemispheres of the brain or above/below a spinal cord lesion. The changes in the CNS are the consequence of functional and structural processes collectively termed neuroplasticity and these may occur spontaneously and/or be induced by movement practice. The neurophysiological mechanisms underlying such brain plasticity may take different forms in different types of injury, for example stroke vs. spinal cord injury (SCI). Recovery of movement can be enhanced by intensive, repetitive, variable, and rewarding motor practice. To this end, robots that enable or facilitate repetitive movements have been developed to assist recovery and rehabilitation. Here, we suggest that some elements of robot-mediated training such as assistance and perturbation may have the potential to enhance neuroplasticity. Together the elemental components for developing integrated robot-mediated training protocols may form part of a neurorehabilitation framework alongside those methods already employed by therapists. Robots could thus open up a wider choice of options for delivering movement rehabilitation grounded on the principles underpinning neuroplasticity in the human CNS.
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2013
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3826107/
_version_	1612026160403709952

Neurophysiology of Robot-Mediated Training and Therapy: A Perspective for Future Use in Clinical Populations

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