Dynamic Change of Global and Local Information Processing in Propofol-Induced Loss and Recovery of Consciousness

Whether unique to humans or not, consciousness is a central aspect of our experience of the world. The neural fingerprint of this experience, however, remains one of the least understood aspects of the human brain. In this paper we employ graph-theoretic measures and support vector machine classific...

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Main Authors:	Monti, Martin M., Lutkenhoff, Evan S., Rubinov, Mikail, Boveroux, Pierre, Vanhaudenhuyse, Audrey, Gosseries, Olivia, Bruno, Marie-Aurélie, Noirhomme, Quentin, Boly, Mélanie, Laureys, Steven
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Public Library of Science 2013
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3798283/

id	pubmed-3798283
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-37982832013-10-21 Dynamic Change of Global and Local Information Processing in Propofol-Induced Loss and Recovery of Consciousness Monti, Martin M. Lutkenhoff, Evan S. Rubinov, Mikail Boveroux, Pierre Vanhaudenhuyse, Audrey Gosseries, Olivia Bruno, Marie-Aurélie Noirhomme, Quentin Boly, Mélanie Laureys, Steven Research Article Whether unique to humans or not, consciousness is a central aspect of our experience of the world. The neural fingerprint of this experience, however, remains one of the least understood aspects of the human brain. In this paper we employ graph-theoretic measures and support vector machine classification to assess, in 12 healthy volunteers, the dynamic reconfiguration of functional connectivity during wakefulness, propofol-induced sedation and loss of consciousness, and the recovery of wakefulness. Our main findings, based on resting-state fMRI, are three-fold. First, we find that propofol-induced anesthesia does not bear differently on long-range versus short-range connections. Second, our multi-stage design dissociated an initial phase of thalamo-cortical and cortico-cortical hyperconnectivity, present during sedation, from a phase of cortico-cortical hypoconnectivity, apparent during loss of consciousness. Finally, we show that while clustering is increased during loss of consciousness, as recently suggested, it also remains significantly elevated during wakefulness recovery. Conversely, the characteristic path length of brain networks (i.e., the average functional distance between any two regions of the brain) appears significantly increased only during loss of consciousness, marking a decrease of global information-processing efficiency uniquely associated with unconsciousness. These findings suggest that propofol-induced loss of consciousness is mainly tied to cortico-cortical and not thalamo-cortical mechanisms, and that decreased efficiency of information flow is the main feature differentiating the conscious from the unconscious brain. Public Library of Science 2013-10-17 /pmc/articles/PMC3798283/ /pubmed/24146606 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003271 Text en © 2013 Monti et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Monti, Martin M. Lutkenhoff, Evan S. Rubinov, Mikail Boveroux, Pierre Vanhaudenhuyse, Audrey Gosseries, Olivia Bruno, Marie-Aurélie Noirhomme, Quentin Boly, Mélanie Laureys, Steven
spellingShingle	Monti, Martin M. Lutkenhoff, Evan S. Rubinov, Mikail Boveroux, Pierre Vanhaudenhuyse, Audrey Gosseries, Olivia Bruno, Marie-Aurélie Noirhomme, Quentin Boly, Mélanie Laureys, Steven Dynamic Change of Global and Local Information Processing in Propofol-Induced Loss and Recovery of Consciousness
author_facet	Monti, Martin M. Lutkenhoff, Evan S. Rubinov, Mikail Boveroux, Pierre Vanhaudenhuyse, Audrey Gosseries, Olivia Bruno, Marie-Aurélie Noirhomme, Quentin Boly, Mélanie Laureys, Steven
author_sort	Monti, Martin M.
title	Dynamic Change of Global and Local Information Processing in Propofol-Induced Loss and Recovery of Consciousness
title_short	Dynamic Change of Global and Local Information Processing in Propofol-Induced Loss and Recovery of Consciousness
title_full	Dynamic Change of Global and Local Information Processing in Propofol-Induced Loss and Recovery of Consciousness
title_fullStr	Dynamic Change of Global and Local Information Processing in Propofol-Induced Loss and Recovery of Consciousness
title_full_unstemmed	Dynamic Change of Global and Local Information Processing in Propofol-Induced Loss and Recovery of Consciousness
title_sort	dynamic change of global and local information processing in propofol-induced loss and recovery of consciousness
description	Whether unique to humans or not, consciousness is a central aspect of our experience of the world. The neural fingerprint of this experience, however, remains one of the least understood aspects of the human brain. In this paper we employ graph-theoretic measures and support vector machine classification to assess, in 12 healthy volunteers, the dynamic reconfiguration of functional connectivity during wakefulness, propofol-induced sedation and loss of consciousness, and the recovery of wakefulness. Our main findings, based on resting-state fMRI, are three-fold. First, we find that propofol-induced anesthesia does not bear differently on long-range versus short-range connections. Second, our multi-stage design dissociated an initial phase of thalamo-cortical and cortico-cortical hyperconnectivity, present during sedation, from a phase of cortico-cortical hypoconnectivity, apparent during loss of consciousness. Finally, we show that while clustering is increased during loss of consciousness, as recently suggested, it also remains significantly elevated during wakefulness recovery. Conversely, the characteristic path length of brain networks (i.e., the average functional distance between any two regions of the brain) appears significantly increased only during loss of consciousness, marking a decrease of global information-processing efficiency uniquely associated with unconsciousness. These findings suggest that propofol-induced loss of consciousness is mainly tied to cortico-cortical and not thalamo-cortical mechanisms, and that decreased efficiency of information flow is the main feature differentiating the conscious from the unconscious brain.
publisher	Public Library of Science
publishDate	2013
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3798283/
_version_	1612018803836715008

Dynamic Change of Global and Local Information Processing in Propofol-Induced Loss and Recovery of Consciousness

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