Dietary fiber and the glycemic index: a background paper for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012

The aim of this study is to review recent data on dietary fiber (DF) and the glycemic index (GI), with special focus on studies from the Nordic countries regarding cardiometabolic risk factors, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and total mortality. In this study, recent guidelines and...

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Main Authors:	Øverby, Nina Cecilie, Sonestedt, Emily, Laaksonen, David E., Birgisdottir, Bryndis Eva
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Co-Action Publishing 2013
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3608853/

id	pubmed-3608853
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-36088532013-03-28 Dietary fiber and the glycemic index: a background paper for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012 Øverby, Nina Cecilie Sonestedt, Emily Laaksonen, David E. Birgisdottir, Bryndis Eva Review Article The aim of this study is to review recent data on dietary fiber (DF) and the glycemic index (GI), with special focus on studies from the Nordic countries regarding cardiometabolic risk factors, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and total mortality. In this study, recent guidelines and scientific background papers or updates on older reports on DF and GI published between 2000 and 2011 from the US, EU, WHO, and the World Cancer Research Fund were reviewed, as well as prospective cohort and intervention studies carried out in the Nordic countries. All of the reports support the role for fiber-rich foods and DF as an important part of a healthy diet. All of the five identified Nordic papers found protective associations between high intake of DF and health outcomes; lower risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, colorectal and breast cancer. None of the reports and few of the Nordic papers found clear evidence for the GI in prevention of risk factors or diseases in healthy populations, although association was found in sub-groups, e.g. overweight and obese individuals and suggestive for prevention of type 2 diabetes. It was concluded that DF is associated with decreased risk of different chronic diseases and metabolic conditions. There is not enough evidence that choosing foods with low GI will decrease the risk of chronic diseases in the population overall. However, there is suggestive evidence that ranking food based on their GI might be of use for overweight and obese individuals. Issues regarding methodology, validity and practicality of the GI remain to be clarified. Co-Action Publishing 2013-03-25 /pmc/articles/PMC3608853/ /pubmed/23538683 http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v57i0.20709 Text en © 2013 Nina Cecilie Øverby et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Øverby, Nina Cecilie Sonestedt, Emily Laaksonen, David E. Birgisdottir, Bryndis Eva
spellingShingle	Øverby, Nina Cecilie Sonestedt, Emily Laaksonen, David E. Birgisdottir, Bryndis Eva Dietary fiber and the glycemic index: a background paper for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012
author_facet	Øverby, Nina Cecilie Sonestedt, Emily Laaksonen, David E. Birgisdottir, Bryndis Eva
author_sort	Øverby, Nina Cecilie
title	Dietary fiber and the glycemic index: a background paper for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012
title_short	Dietary fiber and the glycemic index: a background paper for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012
title_full	Dietary fiber and the glycemic index: a background paper for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012
title_fullStr	Dietary fiber and the glycemic index: a background paper for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012
title_full_unstemmed	Dietary fiber and the glycemic index: a background paper for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012
title_sort	dietary fiber and the glycemic index: a background paper for the nordic nutrition recommendations 2012
description	The aim of this study is to review recent data on dietary fiber (DF) and the glycemic index (GI), with special focus on studies from the Nordic countries regarding cardiometabolic risk factors, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and total mortality. In this study, recent guidelines and scientific background papers or updates on older reports on DF and GI published between 2000 and 2011 from the US, EU, WHO, and the World Cancer Research Fund were reviewed, as well as prospective cohort and intervention studies carried out in the Nordic countries. All of the reports support the role for fiber-rich foods and DF as an important part of a healthy diet. All of the five identified Nordic papers found protective associations between high intake of DF and health outcomes; lower risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, colorectal and breast cancer. None of the reports and few of the Nordic papers found clear evidence for the GI in prevention of risk factors or diseases in healthy populations, although association was found in sub-groups, e.g. overweight and obese individuals and suggestive for prevention of type 2 diabetes. It was concluded that DF is associated with decreased risk of different chronic diseases and metabolic conditions. There is not enough evidence that choosing foods with low GI will decrease the risk of chronic diseases in the population overall. However, there is suggestive evidence that ranking food based on their GI might be of use for overweight and obese individuals. Issues regarding methodology, validity and practicality of the GI remain to be clarified.
publisher	Co-Action Publishing
publishDate	2013
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3608853/
_version_	1611965534536990720

Dietary fiber and the glycemic index: a background paper for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012

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