Targeting Pediatric Cancer Stem Cells with Oncolytic Virotherapy

Cancer stem cells (CSC), also termed “cancer initiating cells” or “cancer progenitor cells”, which have the ability to self-renew, proliferate, and maintain the neoplastic clone, have recently been discovered in a wide variety of pediatric tumors. These CSC are thought to be responsible for tumorige...

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Main Authors:	Friedman, Gregory K., Cassady, Kevin A., Beierle, Elizabeth A., Markert, James M., Gillespie, G. Yancey
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3607376/

id	pubmed-3607376
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-36073762013-03-25 Targeting Pediatric Cancer Stem Cells with Oncolytic Virotherapy Friedman, Gregory K. Cassady, Kevin A. Beierle, Elizabeth A. Markert, James M. Gillespie, G. Yancey Article Cancer stem cells (CSC), also termed “cancer initiating cells” or “cancer progenitor cells”, which have the ability to self-renew, proliferate, and maintain the neoplastic clone, have recently been discovered in a wide variety of pediatric tumors. These CSC are thought to be responsible for tumorigenesis, tumor maintenance, aggressiveness and recurrence due to inherent resistance to current treatment modalities such as chemotherapy and radiation. Oncolytic virotherapy offers a novel, targeted approach for eradicating pediatric CSC by utilizing mechanisms of cell killing that differ from conventional therapies. Moreover, oncolytic viruses have the ability to target specific features of CSC such as cell surface proteins, transcription factors, and the CSC microenvironment. Through genetic engineering, a wide variety of foreign genes may be expressed by oncolytic viruses to augment the oncolytic effect. We review the current data regarding the ability of several types of oncolytic viruses (herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), adenovirus, reovirus, Seneca Valley virus, vaccinia virus, Newcastle disease virus, myxoma virus, vesicular stomatitis virus) to target and kill both CSC and tumor cells in pediatric tumors. We highlight advantages and limitations of each virus and potential ways next-generation engineered viruses may target resilient CSC. 2012-02-15 2012-04 /pmc/articles/PMC3607376/ /pubmed/22430386 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/pr.2011.58 Text en Users may view, print, copy, download and text and data- mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use: http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Friedman, Gregory K. Cassady, Kevin A. Beierle, Elizabeth A. Markert, James M. Gillespie, G. Yancey
spellingShingle	Friedman, Gregory K. Cassady, Kevin A. Beierle, Elizabeth A. Markert, James M. Gillespie, G. Yancey Targeting Pediatric Cancer Stem Cells with Oncolytic Virotherapy
author_facet	Friedman, Gregory K. Cassady, Kevin A. Beierle, Elizabeth A. Markert, James M. Gillespie, G. Yancey
author_sort	Friedman, Gregory K.
title	Targeting Pediatric Cancer Stem Cells with Oncolytic Virotherapy
title_short	Targeting Pediatric Cancer Stem Cells with Oncolytic Virotherapy
title_full	Targeting Pediatric Cancer Stem Cells with Oncolytic Virotherapy
title_fullStr	Targeting Pediatric Cancer Stem Cells with Oncolytic Virotherapy
title_full_unstemmed	Targeting Pediatric Cancer Stem Cells with Oncolytic Virotherapy
title_sort	targeting pediatric cancer stem cells with oncolytic virotherapy
description	Cancer stem cells (CSC), also termed “cancer initiating cells” or “cancer progenitor cells”, which have the ability to self-renew, proliferate, and maintain the neoplastic clone, have recently been discovered in a wide variety of pediatric tumors. These CSC are thought to be responsible for tumorigenesis, tumor maintenance, aggressiveness and recurrence due to inherent resistance to current treatment modalities such as chemotherapy and radiation. Oncolytic virotherapy offers a novel, targeted approach for eradicating pediatric CSC by utilizing mechanisms of cell killing that differ from conventional therapies. Moreover, oncolytic viruses have the ability to target specific features of CSC such as cell surface proteins, transcription factors, and the CSC microenvironment. Through genetic engineering, a wide variety of foreign genes may be expressed by oncolytic viruses to augment the oncolytic effect. We review the current data regarding the ability of several types of oncolytic viruses (herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), adenovirus, reovirus, Seneca Valley virus, vaccinia virus, Newcastle disease virus, myxoma virus, vesicular stomatitis virus) to target and kill both CSC and tumor cells in pediatric tumors. We highlight advantages and limitations of each virus and potential ways next-generation engineered viruses may target resilient CSC.
publishDate	2012
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3607376/
_version_	1611965130980982784

Targeting Pediatric Cancer Stem Cells with Oncolytic Virotherapy

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