Radiotherapy Response in Microsatellite Instability Related Rectal Cancer

Preoperative radiotherapy may improve the resectability and subsequent local control of rectal cancers. However, the extent of radiation induced regression in these tumours varies widely between individuals. To date no reliable predictive marker of radiation sensitivity in rectal cancer has been ide...

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Main Authors:	Shin, Joo-Shik, Tut, Thein Ga, Yang, Tao, Lee, C. Soon
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	The Korean Society of Pathologists and The Korean Society for Cytopathology 2013
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3589603/

id	pubmed-3589603
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-35896032013-03-11 Radiotherapy Response in Microsatellite Instability Related Rectal Cancer Shin, Joo-Shik Tut, Thein Ga Yang, Tao Lee, C. Soon Review Preoperative radiotherapy may improve the resectability and subsequent local control of rectal cancers. However, the extent of radiation induced regression in these tumours varies widely between individuals. To date no reliable predictive marker of radiation sensitivity in rectal cancer has been identified. At the cellular level, radiation injury initiates a complex molecular network of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways that leads to cell cycle arrest, attempts at re-constituting the damaged DNA and should this fail, then apoptosis. This review presents the details which suggest the roles of DNA mismatch repair proteins, the lack of which define a distinct subset of colorectal cancers with microsatellite instability (MSI), in the DDR pathways. Hence routine assessment of the MSI status in rectal cancers may potentially serve as a predictor of radiotherapy response, thereby improving patient stratification in the administration of this otherwise toxic treatment. The Korean Society of Pathologists and The Korean Society for Cytopathology 2013-02 2013-02-25 /pmc/articles/PMC3589603/ /pubmed/23482947 http://dx.doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.1.1 Text en © 2013 The Korean Society of Pathologists/The Korean Society for Cytopathology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Shin, Joo-Shik Tut, Thein Ga Yang, Tao Lee, C. Soon
spellingShingle	Shin, Joo-Shik Tut, Thein Ga Yang, Tao Lee, C. Soon Radiotherapy Response in Microsatellite Instability Related Rectal Cancer
author_facet	Shin, Joo-Shik Tut, Thein Ga Yang, Tao Lee, C. Soon
author_sort	Shin, Joo-Shik
title	Radiotherapy Response in Microsatellite Instability Related Rectal Cancer
title_short	Radiotherapy Response in Microsatellite Instability Related Rectal Cancer
title_full	Radiotherapy Response in Microsatellite Instability Related Rectal Cancer
title_fullStr	Radiotherapy Response in Microsatellite Instability Related Rectal Cancer
title_full_unstemmed	Radiotherapy Response in Microsatellite Instability Related Rectal Cancer
title_sort	radiotherapy response in microsatellite instability related rectal cancer
description	Preoperative radiotherapy may improve the resectability and subsequent local control of rectal cancers. However, the extent of radiation induced regression in these tumours varies widely between individuals. To date no reliable predictive marker of radiation sensitivity in rectal cancer has been identified. At the cellular level, radiation injury initiates a complex molecular network of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways that leads to cell cycle arrest, attempts at re-constituting the damaged DNA and should this fail, then apoptosis. This review presents the details which suggest the roles of DNA mismatch repair proteins, the lack of which define a distinct subset of colorectal cancers with microsatellite instability (MSI), in the DDR pathways. Hence routine assessment of the MSI status in rectal cancers may potentially serve as a predictor of radiotherapy response, thereby improving patient stratification in the administration of this otherwise toxic treatment.
publisher	The Korean Society of Pathologists and The Korean Society for Cytopathology
publishDate	2013
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3589603/
_version_	1611959983492038656

Radiotherapy Response in Microsatellite Instability Related Rectal Cancer

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