Multivariate multilevel spline models for parallel growth processes: application to weight and mean arterial pressure in pregnancy

Growth models are commonly used in life course epidemiology to describe growth trajectories and their determinants or to relate particular patterns of change to later health outcomes. However, methods to analyse relationships between two or more change processes occurring in parallel, in particular...

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Main Authors:	Macdonald-Wallis, Corrie, Lawlor, Debbie A, Palmer, Tom, Tilling, Kate
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 2012
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3569877/

id	pubmed-3569877
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-35698772013-02-25 Multivariate multilevel spline models for parallel growth processes: application to weight and mean arterial pressure in pregnancy Macdonald-Wallis, Corrie Lawlor, Debbie A Palmer, Tom Tilling, Kate Research Articles Growth models are commonly used in life course epidemiology to describe growth trajectories and their determinants or to relate particular patterns of change to later health outcomes. However, methods to analyse relationships between two or more change processes occurring in parallel, in particular to assess evidence for causal influences of change in one variable on subsequent changes in another, are less developed. We discuss linear spline multilevel models with a multivariate response and show how these can be used to relate rates of change in a particular time period in one variable to later rates of change in another variable by using the variances and covariances of individual-level random effects for each of the splines. We describe how regression coefficients can be calculated for these associations and how these can be adjusted for other parameters such as random effect variables relating to baseline values or rates of change in earlier time periods, and compare different methods for calculating the standard errors of these regression coefficients. We also show that these models can equivalently be fitted in the structural equation modelling framework and apply each method to weight and mean arterial pressure changes during pregnancy, obtaining similar results for multilevel and structural equation models. This method improves on the multivariate linear growth models, which have been used previously to model parallel processes because it enables nonlinear patterns of change to be modelled and the temporal sequence of multivariate changes to be determined, with adjustment for change in earlier time periods. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 2012-11-20 2012-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC3569877/ /pubmed/22733701 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sim.5385 Text en Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ Re-use of this article is permitted in accordance with the Creative Commons Deed, Attribution 2.5, which does not permit commercial exploitation.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Macdonald-Wallis, Corrie Lawlor, Debbie A Palmer, Tom Tilling, Kate
spellingShingle	Macdonald-Wallis, Corrie Lawlor, Debbie A Palmer, Tom Tilling, Kate Multivariate multilevel spline models for parallel growth processes: application to weight and mean arterial pressure in pregnancy
author_facet	Macdonald-Wallis, Corrie Lawlor, Debbie A Palmer, Tom Tilling, Kate
author_sort	Macdonald-Wallis, Corrie
title	Multivariate multilevel spline models for parallel growth processes: application to weight and mean arterial pressure in pregnancy
title_short	Multivariate multilevel spline models for parallel growth processes: application to weight and mean arterial pressure in pregnancy
title_full	Multivariate multilevel spline models for parallel growth processes: application to weight and mean arterial pressure in pregnancy
title_fullStr	Multivariate multilevel spline models for parallel growth processes: application to weight and mean arterial pressure in pregnancy
title_full_unstemmed	Multivariate multilevel spline models for parallel growth processes: application to weight and mean arterial pressure in pregnancy
title_sort	multivariate multilevel spline models for parallel growth processes: application to weight and mean arterial pressure in pregnancy
description	Growth models are commonly used in life course epidemiology to describe growth trajectories and their determinants or to relate particular patterns of change to later health outcomes. However, methods to analyse relationships between two or more change processes occurring in parallel, in particular to assess evidence for causal influences of change in one variable on subsequent changes in another, are less developed. We discuss linear spline multilevel models with a multivariate response and show how these can be used to relate rates of change in a particular time period in one variable to later rates of change in another variable by using the variances and covariances of individual-level random effects for each of the splines. We describe how regression coefficients can be calculated for these associations and how these can be adjusted for other parameters such as random effect variables relating to baseline values or rates of change in earlier time periods, and compare different methods for calculating the standard errors of these regression coefficients. We also show that these models can equivalently be fitted in the structural equation modelling framework and apply each method to weight and mean arterial pressure changes during pregnancy, obtaining similar results for multilevel and structural equation models. This method improves on the multivariate linear growth models, which have been used previously to model parallel processes because it enables nonlinear patterns of change to be modelled and the temporal sequence of multivariate changes to be determined, with adjustment for change in earlier time periods. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
publisher	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
publishDate	2012
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3569877/
_version_	1611954109374529536

Multivariate multilevel spline models for parallel growth processes: application to weight and mean arterial pressure in pregnancy

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