A Critical Interpersonal Distance Switches between Two Coordination Modes in Kendo Matches

In many competitive sports, players need to quickly and continuously execute movements that co-adapt to various movements executed by their opponents and physical objects. In a martial art such as kendo, players must be able to skillfully change interpersonal distance in order to win. However, very...

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Main Authors:	Okumura, Motoki, Kijima, Akifumi, Kadota, Koji, Yokoyama, Keiko, Suzuki, Hiroo, Yamamoto, Yuji
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Public Library of Science 2012
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3527480/

id	pubmed-3527480
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-35274802013-01-02 A Critical Interpersonal Distance Switches between Two Coordination Modes in Kendo Matches Okumura, Motoki Kijima, Akifumi Kadota, Koji Yokoyama, Keiko Suzuki, Hiroo Yamamoto, Yuji Research Article In many competitive sports, players need to quickly and continuously execute movements that co-adapt to various movements executed by their opponents and physical objects. In a martial art such as kendo, players must be able to skillfully change interpersonal distance in order to win. However, very little information about the task and expertise properties of the maneuvers affecting interpersonal distance is available. This study investigated behavioral dynamics underlying opponent tasks by analyzing changes in interpersonal distance made by expert players in kendo matches. Analysis of preferred interpersonal distances indicated that players tended to step toward and away from their opponents based on two distances. The most preferred distance enabled the players to execute both striking and defensive movements immediately. The relative phase analysis of the velocities at which players executed steps toward and away revealed that players developed anti-phase synchronizations at near distances to maintain safe distances from their opponents. Alternatively, players shifted to in-phase synchronization to approach their opponents from far distances. This abrupt phase-transition phenomenon constitutes a characteristic bifurcation dynamics that regularly and instantaneously occurs between in- and anti-phase synchronizations at a critical interpersonal distance. These dynamics are profoundly affected by the task constraints of kendo and the physical constraints of the players. Thus, the current study identifies the clear behavioral dynamics that emerge in a sport setting. Public Library of Science 2012-12-20 /pmc/articles/PMC3527480/ /pubmed/23284799 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051877 Text en © 2012 Okumura et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Okumura, Motoki Kijima, Akifumi Kadota, Koji Yokoyama, Keiko Suzuki, Hiroo Yamamoto, Yuji
spellingShingle	Okumura, Motoki Kijima, Akifumi Kadota, Koji Yokoyama, Keiko Suzuki, Hiroo Yamamoto, Yuji A Critical Interpersonal Distance Switches between Two Coordination Modes in Kendo Matches
author_facet	Okumura, Motoki Kijima, Akifumi Kadota, Koji Yokoyama, Keiko Suzuki, Hiroo Yamamoto, Yuji
author_sort	Okumura, Motoki
title	A Critical Interpersonal Distance Switches between Two Coordination Modes in Kendo Matches
title_short	A Critical Interpersonal Distance Switches between Two Coordination Modes in Kendo Matches
title_full	A Critical Interpersonal Distance Switches between Two Coordination Modes in Kendo Matches
title_fullStr	A Critical Interpersonal Distance Switches between Two Coordination Modes in Kendo Matches
title_full_unstemmed	A Critical Interpersonal Distance Switches between Two Coordination Modes in Kendo Matches
title_sort	critical interpersonal distance switches between two coordination modes in kendo matches
description	In many competitive sports, players need to quickly and continuously execute movements that co-adapt to various movements executed by their opponents and physical objects. In a martial art such as kendo, players must be able to skillfully change interpersonal distance in order to win. However, very little information about the task and expertise properties of the maneuvers affecting interpersonal distance is available. This study investigated behavioral dynamics underlying opponent tasks by analyzing changes in interpersonal distance made by expert players in kendo matches. Analysis of preferred interpersonal distances indicated that players tended to step toward and away from their opponents based on two distances. The most preferred distance enabled the players to execute both striking and defensive movements immediately. The relative phase analysis of the velocities at which players executed steps toward and away revealed that players developed anti-phase synchronizations at near distances to maintain safe distances from their opponents. Alternatively, players shifted to in-phase synchronization to approach their opponents from far distances. This abrupt phase-transition phenomenon constitutes a characteristic bifurcation dynamics that regularly and instantaneously occurs between in- and anti-phase synchronizations at a critical interpersonal distance. These dynamics are profoundly affected by the task constraints of kendo and the physical constraints of the players. Thus, the current study identifies the clear behavioral dynamics that emerge in a sport setting.
publisher	Public Library of Science
publishDate	2012
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3527480/
_version_	1611942067473219584

A Critical Interpersonal Distance Switches between Two Coordination Modes in Kendo Matches

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