MicroRNAs as Active Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a recently discovered group of small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They are highly expressed in cells of the immune system, as well as in the central nervous system, and they are deregulated in various neurological disorders. Emerging evi...

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Main Authors:	Fenoglio, Chiara, Ridolfi, Elisa, Galimberti, Daniela, Scarpini, Elio
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2012
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3497323/

id	pubmed-3497323
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-34973232012-11-29 MicroRNAs as Active Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis Fenoglio, Chiara Ridolfi, Elisa Galimberti, Daniela Scarpini, Elio Review MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a recently discovered group of small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They are highly expressed in cells of the immune system, as well as in the central nervous system, and they are deregulated in various neurological disorders. Emerging evidence underlines an involvement of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). A number of miRNAs have been found to be dysregulated in blood cells from MS patients, in brain lesions, as well as in biological fluids such as serum and plasma. Despite miRNA altered expression likely showing a high tissue specificity, some profile similarities could be observed for certain miRNAs such as miR-326—such as upregulation in both active lesions and blood—though not for others such as miR-323, which demonstrated upregulation in whole blood, active brain lesions, and T-reg cells, but not in the serum of MS patients. In this review, the possible role of miRNAs in MS pathogenesis will be discussed according to all the available literature, with a particular emphasis on the possibility of considering extracellular miRNAs as a new source for both biomarker identification and therapeutic target discovery. Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2012-10-15 /pmc/articles/PMC3497323/ /pubmed/23202949 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms131013227 Text en © 2012 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0).
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Fenoglio, Chiara Ridolfi, Elisa Galimberti, Daniela Scarpini, Elio
spellingShingle	Fenoglio, Chiara Ridolfi, Elisa Galimberti, Daniela Scarpini, Elio MicroRNAs as Active Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis
author_facet	Fenoglio, Chiara Ridolfi, Elisa Galimberti, Daniela Scarpini, Elio
author_sort	Fenoglio, Chiara
title	MicroRNAs as Active Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis
title_short	MicroRNAs as Active Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis
title_full	MicroRNAs as Active Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis
title_fullStr	MicroRNAs as Active Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis
title_full_unstemmed	MicroRNAs as Active Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis
title_sort	micrornas as active players in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis
description	MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a recently discovered group of small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They are highly expressed in cells of the immune system, as well as in the central nervous system, and they are deregulated in various neurological disorders. Emerging evidence underlines an involvement of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). A number of miRNAs have been found to be dysregulated in blood cells from MS patients, in brain lesions, as well as in biological fluids such as serum and plasma. Despite miRNA altered expression likely showing a high tissue specificity, some profile similarities could be observed for certain miRNAs such as miR-326—such as upregulation in both active lesions and blood—though not for others such as miR-323, which demonstrated upregulation in whole blood, active brain lesions, and T-reg cells, but not in the serum of MS patients. In this review, the possible role of miRNAs in MS pathogenesis will be discussed according to all the available literature, with a particular emphasis on the possibility of considering extracellular miRNAs as a new source for both biomarker identification and therapeutic target discovery.
publisher	Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
publishDate	2012
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3497323/
_version_	1611924000879935488

MicroRNAs as Active Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis

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