Perinatal Lamb Model of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most frequent cause of bronchiolitis in infants and children worldwide. Many animal models are used to study RSV, but most studies investigate disease in adult animals which does not address the unique physiology and immunology that makes infants more suscept...

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Main Authors:	Derscheid, Rachel J., Ackermann, Mark R.
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI 2012
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3497056/

id	pubmed-3497056
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-34970562012-11-29 Perinatal Lamb Model of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection Derscheid, Rachel J. Ackermann, Mark R. Article Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most frequent cause of bronchiolitis in infants and children worldwide. Many animal models are used to study RSV, but most studies investigate disease in adult animals which does not address the unique physiology and immunology that makes infants more susceptible. The perinatal (preterm and term) lamb is a useful model of infant RSV disease as lambs have similar pulmonary structure including airway branching, Clara and type II cells, submucosal glands and Duox/lactoperoxidase (LPO) oxidative system, and prenatal alveologenesis. Lambs can be born preterm (90% gestation) and survive for experimentation although both preterm and term lambs are susceptible to ovine, bovine and human strains of RSV and develop clinical symptoms including fever, tachypnea, and malaise as well as mild to moderate gross and histologic lesions including bronchiolitis with epithelial injury, neutrophil infiltration and syncytial cell formation. RSV disease in preterm lambs is more severe than in term lambs; disease is progressively less in adults and age-dependent susceptibility is a feature similar to humans. Innate and adaptive immune responses by perinatal lambs closely parallel those of infants. The model is used to test therapeutic regimens, risk factors such as maternal ethanol consumption, and formalin inactivated RSV vaccines. MDPI 2012-10-23 /pmc/articles/PMC3497056/ /pubmed/23202468 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v4102359 Text en © 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Derscheid, Rachel J. Ackermann, Mark R.
spellingShingle	Derscheid, Rachel J. Ackermann, Mark R. Perinatal Lamb Model of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection
author_facet	Derscheid, Rachel J. Ackermann, Mark R.
author_sort	Derscheid, Rachel J.
title	Perinatal Lamb Model of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection
title_short	Perinatal Lamb Model of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection
title_full	Perinatal Lamb Model of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection
title_fullStr	Perinatal Lamb Model of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection
title_full_unstemmed	Perinatal Lamb Model of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection
title_sort	perinatal lamb model of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection
description	Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most frequent cause of bronchiolitis in infants and children worldwide. Many animal models are used to study RSV, but most studies investigate disease in adult animals which does not address the unique physiology and immunology that makes infants more susceptible. The perinatal (preterm and term) lamb is a useful model of infant RSV disease as lambs have similar pulmonary structure including airway branching, Clara and type II cells, submucosal glands and Duox/lactoperoxidase (LPO) oxidative system, and prenatal alveologenesis. Lambs can be born preterm (90% gestation) and survive for experimentation although both preterm and term lambs are susceptible to ovine, bovine and human strains of RSV and develop clinical symptoms including fever, tachypnea, and malaise as well as mild to moderate gross and histologic lesions including bronchiolitis with epithelial injury, neutrophil infiltration and syncytial cell formation. RSV disease in preterm lambs is more severe than in term lambs; disease is progressively less in adults and age-dependent susceptibility is a feature similar to humans. Innate and adaptive immune responses by perinatal lambs closely parallel those of infants. The model is used to test therapeutic regimens, risk factors such as maternal ethanol consumption, and formalin inactivated RSV vaccines.
publisher	MDPI
publishDate	2012
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3497056/
_version_	1611923938620735488

Perinatal Lamb Model of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection

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