Pregnancy, Maternal Tobacco Smoking, and Early Age Leukemia in Brazil

Background: Cigarette smoking has been associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but hypothesis on the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood leukemia remains unclear. Objectives: To investigate the association between maternal exposure to tobacco smoking during pregn...

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Main Authors:	Ferreira, Jeniffer Dantas, Couto, Arnaldo Cézar, Pombo-de-Oliveira, Maria S., Koifman, Sergio
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2012
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3494108/

id	pubmed-3494108
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-34941082012-11-16 Pregnancy, Maternal Tobacco Smoking, and Early Age Leukemia in Brazil Ferreira, Jeniffer Dantas Couto, Arnaldo Cézar Pombo-de-Oliveira, Maria S. Koifman, Sergio Oncology Background: Cigarette smoking has been associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but hypothesis on the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood leukemia remains unclear. Objectives: To investigate the association between maternal exposure to tobacco smoking during pregnancy and early age (<2 year) leukemia (EAL). Methods: A hospital-based multicenter case-control study aiming to explore EAL risk factors was carried out in Brazil during 1999–2007. Data were collected by direct interview with the biological mothers using a standardized questionnaire. The present study included 675 children (193 acute lymphoid leukemia – ALL, 59 AML and 423 controls), being the latter age frequency matched and paired by area of residence with the cases. Unconditional logistic regression was performed, and odds ratios (OR) on the association between tobacco smoking (3 months before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and 3 months after delivery) and EAL were ascertained after adjustment for selected variables (maternal age at birth and education, birth weight, infant skin color, and oral contraceptives use during pregnancy). Results: Smoking was reported by 17.5% of case mothers and 20.6% of controls. Among women who reported to have smoked 20 or more cigarettes during the index pregnancy, an adjusted OR = 5.28 (95% CI 1.40–19.95) for ALL was observed. Heavy smoking during breastfeeding yielded an adjusted risk estimate for ALL, OR = 7.78 (95% CI 1.33–45.5). No dose-response effect was observed according to smoking exposure during pregnancy and EAL. An association between secondhand smoking during pregnancy or breastfeeding was not observed. Conclusion: An association between maternal smoking and EAL in the offspring was restricted to women who have reported an intense exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Frontiers Media S.A. 2012-11-09 /pmc/articles/PMC3494108/ /pubmed/23162789 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2012.00151 Text en Copyright © 2012 Ferreira, Couto, Pombo-de-Oliveira, Koifman and Brazilian Collaborative Study Group of Infant Acute Leukemia. http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Ferreira, Jeniffer Dantas Couto, Arnaldo Cézar Pombo-de-Oliveira, Maria S. Koifman, Sergio
spellingShingle	Ferreira, Jeniffer Dantas Couto, Arnaldo Cézar Pombo-de-Oliveira, Maria S. Koifman, Sergio Pregnancy, Maternal Tobacco Smoking, and Early Age Leukemia in Brazil
author_facet	Ferreira, Jeniffer Dantas Couto, Arnaldo Cézar Pombo-de-Oliveira, Maria S. Koifman, Sergio
author_sort	Ferreira, Jeniffer Dantas
title	Pregnancy, Maternal Tobacco Smoking, and Early Age Leukemia in Brazil
title_short	Pregnancy, Maternal Tobacco Smoking, and Early Age Leukemia in Brazil
title_full	Pregnancy, Maternal Tobacco Smoking, and Early Age Leukemia in Brazil
title_fullStr	Pregnancy, Maternal Tobacco Smoking, and Early Age Leukemia in Brazil
title_full_unstemmed	Pregnancy, Maternal Tobacco Smoking, and Early Age Leukemia in Brazil
title_sort	pregnancy, maternal tobacco smoking, and early age leukemia in brazil
description	Background: Cigarette smoking has been associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but hypothesis on the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood leukemia remains unclear. Objectives: To investigate the association between maternal exposure to tobacco smoking during pregnancy and early age (<2 year) leukemia (EAL). Methods: A hospital-based multicenter case-control study aiming to explore EAL risk factors was carried out in Brazil during 1999–2007. Data were collected by direct interview with the biological mothers using a standardized questionnaire. The present study included 675 children (193 acute lymphoid leukemia – ALL, 59 AML and 423 controls), being the latter age frequency matched and paired by area of residence with the cases. Unconditional logistic regression was performed, and odds ratios (OR) on the association between tobacco smoking (3 months before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and 3 months after delivery) and EAL were ascertained after adjustment for selected variables (maternal age at birth and education, birth weight, infant skin color, and oral contraceptives use during pregnancy). Results: Smoking was reported by 17.5% of case mothers and 20.6% of controls. Among women who reported to have smoked 20 or more cigarettes during the index pregnancy, an adjusted OR = 5.28 (95% CI 1.40–19.95) for ALL was observed. Heavy smoking during breastfeeding yielded an adjusted risk estimate for ALL, OR = 7.78 (95% CI 1.33–45.5). No dose-response effect was observed according to smoking exposure during pregnancy and EAL. An association between secondhand smoking during pregnancy or breastfeeding was not observed. Conclusion: An association between maternal smoking and EAL in the offspring was restricted to women who have reported an intense exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2012
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3494108/
_version_	1611923051962695680

Pregnancy, Maternal Tobacco Smoking, and Early Age Leukemia in Brazil

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