Clostridial Spores for Cancer Therapy: Targeting Solid Tumour Microenvironment

Solid tumour accounts for 90% of all cancers. The current treatment approach for most solid tumours is surgery, however it is limited to early stage tumours. Other treatment options such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy are non-selective, thus causing damage to both healthy and cancerous tissue. Pas...

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Main Authors:	Umer, Brittany, Good, David, Anné, Jozef, Duan, Wei, Wei, Ming Q.
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3376772/

id	pubmed-3376772
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-33767722012-06-25 Clostridial Spores for Cancer Therapy: Targeting Solid Tumour Microenvironment Umer, Brittany Good, David Anné, Jozef Duan, Wei Wei, Ming Q. Review Article Solid tumour accounts for 90% of all cancers. The current treatment approach for most solid tumours is surgery, however it is limited to early stage tumours. Other treatment options such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy are non-selective, thus causing damage to both healthy and cancerous tissue. Past research has focused on understanding tumour cells themselves, and conventional wisdom has aimed at targeting these cells directly. Recent research has shifted towards understanding the tumour microenvironment and it's differences from that of healthy cells/tissues in the body and then to exploit these differences for treatmeat of the tumour. One such approach is utilizing anaerobic bacteria. Several strains of bacteria have been shown to selectively colonize in solid tumours, making them valuable tools for selective tumour targeting and destruction. Amongst them, the anaerobic Clostridium has shown great potential in penetration and colonization of the hypoxic and necrotic areas of the tumour microenvironment, causing significant oncolysis as well as enabling the delivery of therapeutics directly to the tumour in situ. Various strategies utilizing Clostridium are currently being investigated, and represent a novel area of emerging cancer therapy. This review provides an update review of tumour microenvironment as well as summary of the progresses and current status of Clostridial spore-based cancer therapies. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2012-06-07 /pmc/articles/PMC3376772/ /pubmed/22737166 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/862764 Text en Copyright © 2012 Brittany Umer et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Umer, Brittany Good, David Anné, Jozef Duan, Wei Wei, Ming Q.
spellingShingle	Umer, Brittany Good, David Anné, Jozef Duan, Wei Wei, Ming Q. Clostridial Spores for Cancer Therapy: Targeting Solid Tumour Microenvironment
author_facet	Umer, Brittany Good, David Anné, Jozef Duan, Wei Wei, Ming Q.
author_sort	Umer, Brittany
title	Clostridial Spores for Cancer Therapy: Targeting Solid Tumour Microenvironment
title_short	Clostridial Spores for Cancer Therapy: Targeting Solid Tumour Microenvironment
title_full	Clostridial Spores for Cancer Therapy: Targeting Solid Tumour Microenvironment
title_fullStr	Clostridial Spores for Cancer Therapy: Targeting Solid Tumour Microenvironment
title_full_unstemmed	Clostridial Spores for Cancer Therapy: Targeting Solid Tumour Microenvironment
title_sort	clostridial spores for cancer therapy: targeting solid tumour microenvironment
description	Solid tumour accounts for 90% of all cancers. The current treatment approach for most solid tumours is surgery, however it is limited to early stage tumours. Other treatment options such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy are non-selective, thus causing damage to both healthy and cancerous tissue. Past research has focused on understanding tumour cells themselves, and conventional wisdom has aimed at targeting these cells directly. Recent research has shifted towards understanding the tumour microenvironment and it's differences from that of healthy cells/tissues in the body and then to exploit these differences for treatmeat of the tumour. One such approach is utilizing anaerobic bacteria. Several strains of bacteria have been shown to selectively colonize in solid tumours, making them valuable tools for selective tumour targeting and destruction. Amongst them, the anaerobic Clostridium has shown great potential in penetration and colonization of the hypoxic and necrotic areas of the tumour microenvironment, causing significant oncolysis as well as enabling the delivery of therapeutics directly to the tumour in situ. Various strategies utilizing Clostridium are currently being investigated, and represent a novel area of emerging cancer therapy. This review provides an update review of tumour microenvironment as well as summary of the progresses and current status of Clostridial spore-based cancer therapies.
publisher	Hindawi Publishing Corporation
publishDate	2012
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3376772/
_version_	1611537257766846464

Clostridial Spores for Cancer Therapy: Targeting Solid Tumour Microenvironment

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