Discovery of New Hydrothermal Activity and Chemosynthetic Fauna on the Central Indian Ridge at 18°–20°S
Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents are believed to represent a novel biogeographic province, and are host to many novel genera and families of animals, potentially indigenous to Indian Ocean hydrothermal systems. In particular, since its discovery in 2001, much attention has been paid to a so-called ‘s...
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Public Library of Science
2012
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| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3303786/ |
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pubmed-33037862012-03-19 Discovery of New Hydrothermal Activity and Chemosynthetic Fauna on the Central Indian Ridge at 18°–20°S Nakamura, Kentaro Watanabe, Hiromi Miyazaki, Junichi Takai, Ken Kawagucci, Shinsuke Noguchi, Takuro Nemoto, Suguru Watsuji, Tomo-o Matsuzaki, Takuya Shibuya, Takazo Okamura, Kei Mochizuki, Masashi Orihashi, Yuji Ura, Tamaki Asada, Akira Marie, Daniel Koonjul, Meera Singh, Manvendra Beedessee, Girish Bhikajee, Mitrasen Tamaki, Kensaku Research Article Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents are believed to represent a novel biogeographic province, and are host to many novel genera and families of animals, potentially indigenous to Indian Ocean hydrothermal systems. In particular, since its discovery in 2001, much attention has been paid to a so-called ‘scaly-foot’ gastropod because of its unique iron-sulfide-coated dermal sclerites and the chemosynthetic symbioses in its various tissues. Despite increasing interest in the faunal assemblages at Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents, only two hydrothermal vent fields have been investigated in the Indian Ocean. Here we report two newly discovered hydrothermal vent fields, the Dodo and Solitaire fields, which are located in the Central Indian Ridge (CIR) segments 16 and 15, respectively. Chemosynthetic faunal communities at the Dodo field are emaciated in size and composition. In contrast, at the Solitaire field, we observed faunal communities that potentially contained almost all genera found at CIR hydrothermal environments to date, and even identified previously unreported taxa. Moreover, a new morphotype of ‘scaly-foot’ gastropod has been found at the Solitaire field. The newly discovered ‘scaly-foot’ gastropod has similar morphological and anatomical features to the previously reported type that inhabits the Kairei field, and both types of ‘scaly-foot’ gastropods genetically belong to the same species according to analyses of their COI gene and nuclear SSU rRNA gene sequences. However, the new morphotype completely lacks an iron-sulfide coating on the sclerites, which had been believed to be a novel feature restricted to ‘scaly-foot’ gastropods. Our new findings at the two newly discovered hydrothermal vent sites provide important insights into the biodiversity and biogeography of vent-endemic ecosystems in the Indian Ocean. Public Library of Science 2012-03-14 /pmc/articles/PMC3303786/ /pubmed/22431990 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032965 Text en Nakamura et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
| repository_type |
Open Access Journal |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
US National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| building |
NCBI PubMed |
| collection |
Online Access |
| language |
English |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Nakamura, Kentaro Watanabe, Hiromi Miyazaki, Junichi Takai, Ken Kawagucci, Shinsuke Noguchi, Takuro Nemoto, Suguru Watsuji, Tomo-o Matsuzaki, Takuya Shibuya, Takazo Okamura, Kei Mochizuki, Masashi Orihashi, Yuji Ura, Tamaki Asada, Akira Marie, Daniel Koonjul, Meera Singh, Manvendra Beedessee, Girish Bhikajee, Mitrasen Tamaki, Kensaku |
| spellingShingle |
Nakamura, Kentaro Watanabe, Hiromi Miyazaki, Junichi Takai, Ken Kawagucci, Shinsuke Noguchi, Takuro Nemoto, Suguru Watsuji, Tomo-o Matsuzaki, Takuya Shibuya, Takazo Okamura, Kei Mochizuki, Masashi Orihashi, Yuji Ura, Tamaki Asada, Akira Marie, Daniel Koonjul, Meera Singh, Manvendra Beedessee, Girish Bhikajee, Mitrasen Tamaki, Kensaku Discovery of New Hydrothermal Activity and Chemosynthetic Fauna on the Central Indian Ridge at 18°–20°S |
| author_facet |
Nakamura, Kentaro Watanabe, Hiromi Miyazaki, Junichi Takai, Ken Kawagucci, Shinsuke Noguchi, Takuro Nemoto, Suguru Watsuji, Tomo-o Matsuzaki, Takuya Shibuya, Takazo Okamura, Kei Mochizuki, Masashi Orihashi, Yuji Ura, Tamaki Asada, Akira Marie, Daniel Koonjul, Meera Singh, Manvendra Beedessee, Girish Bhikajee, Mitrasen Tamaki, Kensaku |
| author_sort |
Nakamura, Kentaro |
| title |
Discovery of New Hydrothermal Activity and Chemosynthetic Fauna on the Central Indian Ridge at 18°–20°S |
| title_short |
Discovery of New Hydrothermal Activity and Chemosynthetic Fauna on the Central Indian Ridge at 18°–20°S |
| title_full |
Discovery of New Hydrothermal Activity and Chemosynthetic Fauna on the Central Indian Ridge at 18°–20°S |
| title_fullStr |
Discovery of New Hydrothermal Activity and Chemosynthetic Fauna on the Central Indian Ridge at 18°–20°S |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Discovery of New Hydrothermal Activity and Chemosynthetic Fauna on the Central Indian Ridge at 18°–20°S |
| title_sort |
discovery of new hydrothermal activity and chemosynthetic fauna on the central indian ridge at 18°–20°s |
| description |
Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents are believed to represent a novel biogeographic province, and are host to many novel genera and families of animals, potentially indigenous to Indian Ocean hydrothermal systems. In particular, since its discovery in 2001, much attention has been paid to a so-called ‘scaly-foot’ gastropod because of its unique iron-sulfide-coated dermal sclerites and the chemosynthetic symbioses in its various tissues. Despite increasing interest in the faunal assemblages at Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents, only two hydrothermal vent fields have been investigated in the Indian Ocean. Here we report two newly discovered hydrothermal vent fields, the Dodo and Solitaire fields, which are located in the Central Indian Ridge (CIR) segments 16 and 15, respectively. Chemosynthetic faunal communities at the Dodo field are emaciated in size and composition. In contrast, at the Solitaire field, we observed faunal communities that potentially contained almost all genera found at CIR hydrothermal environments to date, and even identified previously unreported taxa. Moreover, a new morphotype of ‘scaly-foot’ gastropod has been found at the Solitaire field. The newly discovered ‘scaly-foot’ gastropod has similar morphological and anatomical features to the previously reported type that inhabits the Kairei field, and both types of ‘scaly-foot’ gastropods genetically belong to the same species according to analyses of their COI gene and nuclear SSU rRNA gene sequences. However, the new morphotype completely lacks an iron-sulfide coating on the sclerites, which had been believed to be a novel feature restricted to ‘scaly-foot’ gastropods. Our new findings at the two newly discovered hydrothermal vent sites provide important insights into the biodiversity and biogeography of vent-endemic ecosystems in the Indian Ocean. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3303786/ |
| _version_ |
1611513980390473728 |