Dual- and multi-energy CT: approach to functional imaging

The energy spectrum of X-ray photons after passage through an absorber contains information about its elemental composition. Thus, tissue characterisation becomes feasible provided that absorption characteristics can be measured or differentiated. Dual-energy CT uses two X-ray spectra enabling mater...

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Main Authors:	Fornaro, Juergen, Leschka, Sebastian, Hibbeln, Dennis, Butler, Anthony, Anderson, Nigel, Pache, Gregor, Scheffel, Hans, Wildermuth, Simon, Alkadhi, Hatem, Stolzmann, Paul
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Springer-Verlag 2011
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3259372/

id	pubmed-3259372
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-32593722012-02-17 Dual- and multi-energy CT: approach to functional imaging Fornaro, Juergen Leschka, Sebastian Hibbeln, Dennis Butler, Anthony Anderson, Nigel Pache, Gregor Scheffel, Hans Wildermuth, Simon Alkadhi, Hatem Stolzmann, Paul Review The energy spectrum of X-ray photons after passage through an absorber contains information about its elemental composition. Thus, tissue characterisation becomes feasible provided that absorption characteristics can be measured or differentiated. Dual-energy CT uses two X-ray spectra enabling material differentiation by analysing material-dependent photo-electric and Compton effects. Elemental concentrations can thereby be determined using three-material decomposition algorithms. In comparison to dual-energy CT used in clinical practice, recently developed energy-sensitive photon-counting detectors sample the material-specific attenuation curves at multiple energy levels and within narrow energy bands; the latter allows the detection of element-specific, k-edge discontinuities of the photo-electric cross section. Multi-energy CT imaging therefore is able to concurrently identify multiple materials with increased accuracy. These specific data on material distribution provide information beyond morphological CT, and approach functional imaging. This article reviews the principles of dual- and multi-energy CT imaging, hardware approaches and clinical applications. Springer-Verlag 2011-01-19 /pmc/articles/PMC3259372/ /pubmed/22347944 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13244-010-0057-0 Text en © European Society of Radiology 2010
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Fornaro, Juergen Leschka, Sebastian Hibbeln, Dennis Butler, Anthony Anderson, Nigel Pache, Gregor Scheffel, Hans Wildermuth, Simon Alkadhi, Hatem Stolzmann, Paul
spellingShingle	Fornaro, Juergen Leschka, Sebastian Hibbeln, Dennis Butler, Anthony Anderson, Nigel Pache, Gregor Scheffel, Hans Wildermuth, Simon Alkadhi, Hatem Stolzmann, Paul Dual- and multi-energy CT: approach to functional imaging
author_facet	Fornaro, Juergen Leschka, Sebastian Hibbeln, Dennis Butler, Anthony Anderson, Nigel Pache, Gregor Scheffel, Hans Wildermuth, Simon Alkadhi, Hatem Stolzmann, Paul
author_sort	Fornaro, Juergen
title	Dual- and multi-energy CT: approach to functional imaging
title_short	Dual- and multi-energy CT: approach to functional imaging
title_full	Dual- and multi-energy CT: approach to functional imaging
title_fullStr	Dual- and multi-energy CT: approach to functional imaging
title_full_unstemmed	Dual- and multi-energy CT: approach to functional imaging
title_sort	dual- and multi-energy ct: approach to functional imaging
description	The energy spectrum of X-ray photons after passage through an absorber contains information about its elemental composition. Thus, tissue characterisation becomes feasible provided that absorption characteristics can be measured or differentiated. Dual-energy CT uses two X-ray spectra enabling material differentiation by analysing material-dependent photo-electric and Compton effects. Elemental concentrations can thereby be determined using three-material decomposition algorithms. In comparison to dual-energy CT used in clinical practice, recently developed energy-sensitive photon-counting detectors sample the material-specific attenuation curves at multiple energy levels and within narrow energy bands; the latter allows the detection of element-specific, k-edge discontinuities of the photo-electric cross section. Multi-energy CT imaging therefore is able to concurrently identify multiple materials with increased accuracy. These specific data on material distribution provide information beyond morphological CT, and approach functional imaging. This article reviews the principles of dual- and multi-energy CT imaging, hardware approaches and clinical applications.
publisher	Springer-Verlag
publishDate	2011
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3259372/
_version_	1611500233992175616

Dual- and multi-energy CT: approach to functional imaging

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