Amorphous calcium phosphate and its application in dentistry
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP) is an essential mineral phase formed in mineralized tissues and the first commercial product as artificial hydroxyapatite. ACP is unique among all forms of calcium phosphates in that it lacks long-range, periodic atomic scale order of crystalline calcium phosphates....
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BioMed Central
2011
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| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3143077/ |
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pubmed-31430772011-07-26 Amorphous calcium phosphate and its application in dentistry Zhao, Jie Liu, Yu Sun, Wei-bin Zhang, Hai Review Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP) is an essential mineral phase formed in mineralized tissues and the first commercial product as artificial hydroxyapatite. ACP is unique among all forms of calcium phosphates in that it lacks long-range, periodic atomic scale order of crystalline calcium phosphates. The X-ray diffraction pattern is broad and diffuse with a maximum at 25 degree 2 theta, and no other different features compared with well-crystallized hydroxyapatite. Under electron microscopy, its morphological form is shown as small spheroidal particles in the scale of tenths nanometer. In aqueous media, ACP is easily transformed into crystalline phases such as octacalcium phosphate and apatite due to the growing of microcrystalline. It has been demonstrated that ACP has better osteoconductivity and biodegradability than tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite in vivo. Moreover, it can increase alkaline phosphatase activities of mesoblasts, enhance cell proliferation and promote cell adhesion. The unique role of ACP during the formation of mineralized tissues makes it a promising candidate material for tissue repair and regeneration. ACP may also be a potential remineralizing agent in dental applications. Recently developed ACP-filled bioactive composites are believed to be effective anti-demineralizing/remineralizing agents for the preservation and repair of tooth structures. This review provides an overview of the development, structure, chemical composition, morphological characterization, phase transformation and biomedical application of ACP in dentistry. BioMed Central 2011-07-08 /pmc/articles/PMC3143077/ /pubmed/21740535 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-153X-5-40 Text en Copyright ©2011 Zhao et al; licensee Chemistry Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| repository_type |
Open Access Journal |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
US National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| building |
NCBI PubMed |
| collection |
Online Access |
| language |
English |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Zhao, Jie Liu, Yu Sun, Wei-bin Zhang, Hai |
| spellingShingle |
Zhao, Jie Liu, Yu Sun, Wei-bin Zhang, Hai Amorphous calcium phosphate and its application in dentistry |
| author_facet |
Zhao, Jie Liu, Yu Sun, Wei-bin Zhang, Hai |
| author_sort |
Zhao, Jie |
| title |
Amorphous calcium phosphate and its application in dentistry |
| title_short |
Amorphous calcium phosphate and its application in dentistry |
| title_full |
Amorphous calcium phosphate and its application in dentistry |
| title_fullStr |
Amorphous calcium phosphate and its application in dentistry |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Amorphous calcium phosphate and its application in dentistry |
| title_sort |
amorphous calcium phosphate and its application in dentistry |
| description |
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP) is an essential mineral phase formed in mineralized tissues and the first commercial product as artificial hydroxyapatite. ACP is unique among all forms of calcium phosphates in that it lacks long-range, periodic atomic scale order of crystalline calcium phosphates. The X-ray diffraction pattern is broad and diffuse with a maximum at 25 degree 2 theta, and no other different features compared with well-crystallized hydroxyapatite. Under electron microscopy, its morphological form is shown as small spheroidal particles in the scale of tenths nanometer. In aqueous media, ACP is easily transformed into crystalline phases such as octacalcium phosphate and apatite due to the growing of microcrystalline. It has been demonstrated that ACP has better osteoconductivity and biodegradability than tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite in vivo. Moreover, it can increase alkaline phosphatase activities of mesoblasts, enhance cell proliferation and promote cell adhesion. The unique role of ACP during the formation of mineralized tissues makes it a promising candidate material for tissue repair and regeneration. ACP may also be a potential remineralizing agent in dental applications. Recently developed ACP-filled bioactive composites are believed to be effective anti-demineralizing/remineralizing agents for the preservation and repair of tooth structures. This review provides an overview of the development, structure, chemical composition, morphological characterization, phase transformation and biomedical application of ACP in dentistry. |
| publisher |
BioMed Central |
| publishDate |
2011 |
| url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3143077/ |
| _version_ |
1611467443051429888 |