Experimentally induced Chiari-like malformation with myeloschisis in chick embryos.

Though several pathogenetic theories concerning the frequent association of Chiari malformation and hydrocephalus with myeloschisis have been suggested, none of them explains all the aspects of the disorder. To investigate whether myeloschisis is the direct cause of Chiari malformation and hydroceph...

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Main Authors:	Sim, K. B., Hong, S. K., Cho, B. K., Choi, D. Y., Wang, K. C.
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 1996
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3054255/

id	pubmed-3054255
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-30542552011-03-15 Experimentally induced Chiari-like malformation with myeloschisis in chick embryos. Sim, K. B. Hong, S. K. Cho, B. K. Choi, D. Y. Wang, K. C. Research Article Though several pathogenetic theories concerning the frequent association of Chiari malformation and hydrocephalus with myeloschisis have been suggested, none of them explains all the aspects of the disorder. To investigate whether myeloschisis is the direct cause of Chiari malformation and hydrocephalus or these conditions are the results of another basic event, we observed the morphological changes of the posterior cranial fossa and its components in the chick embryos with surgically induced myeloschisis. To make myeloschistic lesions, we opened the neural tube for a length of 9-11 somites in Hamburger and Hamilton stage 16-19 chick embryos. They were divided into cervicothoracic (C-T) and lumbosacral(L-S) groups according to the area of incision. The embryos were re-incubated until postoperative day 11. In the control group, embryos were incubated with the eggshell window open as their experimental counterparts. The survival rates of each group were as follows; 11% (9 survivors/85 operated embryos), 8% (7/83), and 17% (10/60) in the C-T, L-S and control groups, respectively. Myeloschisis positive rates were 100% in the operated groups and 0% in the control group. The heads of embryos were sectioned along the sagittal plane to observe the morphological changes in the posterior cranial fossa and its components. Of the survivors, five in the C-T group, two in the L-S group and six in the control group were available for light microscopic inspection. In the majority of embryos with myeloschisis, without difference between the C-T and L-S groups, the fourth ventricles were smaller than those of the control group and the subarachnoid spaces in the posterior cranial fossa were also narrower. In embryos with severe changes, the cerebellum displaced downward comparing with that of the control embryos. No evidence of hydrocephalus was present Though not always typical, morphological changes similar to Chiari malformation were observed in chick embryos with surgically induced myeloschisis. It suggests a strong direct causal relationship between the two conditions and supports the theories of derangements in cerebrospinal fluid dynamics rather than those of primary mesenchymal or neural origin as a pathogenetic mechanism of Chiari malformation. Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 1996-12 /pmc/articles/PMC3054255/ /pubmed/9008100 Text en
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Sim, K. B. Hong, S. K. Cho, B. K. Choi, D. Y. Wang, K. C.
spellingShingle	Sim, K. B. Hong, S. K. Cho, B. K. Choi, D. Y. Wang, K. C. Experimentally induced Chiari-like malformation with myeloschisis in chick embryos.
author_facet	Sim, K. B. Hong, S. K. Cho, B. K. Choi, D. Y. Wang, K. C.
author_sort	Sim, K. B.
title	Experimentally induced Chiari-like malformation with myeloschisis in chick embryos.
title_short	Experimentally induced Chiari-like malformation with myeloschisis in chick embryos.
title_full	Experimentally induced Chiari-like malformation with myeloschisis in chick embryos.
title_fullStr	Experimentally induced Chiari-like malformation with myeloschisis in chick embryos.
title_full_unstemmed	Experimentally induced Chiari-like malformation with myeloschisis in chick embryos.
title_sort	experimentally induced chiari-like malformation with myeloschisis in chick embryos.
description	Though several pathogenetic theories concerning the frequent association of Chiari malformation and hydrocephalus with myeloschisis have been suggested, none of them explains all the aspects of the disorder. To investigate whether myeloschisis is the direct cause of Chiari malformation and hydrocephalus or these conditions are the results of another basic event, we observed the morphological changes of the posterior cranial fossa and its components in the chick embryos with surgically induced myeloschisis. To make myeloschistic lesions, we opened the neural tube for a length of 9-11 somites in Hamburger and Hamilton stage 16-19 chick embryos. They were divided into cervicothoracic (C-T) and lumbosacral(L-S) groups according to the area of incision. The embryos were re-incubated until postoperative day 11. In the control group, embryos were incubated with the eggshell window open as their experimental counterparts. The survival rates of each group were as follows; 11% (9 survivors/85 operated embryos), 8% (7/83), and 17% (10/60) in the C-T, L-S and control groups, respectively. Myeloschisis positive rates were 100% in the operated groups and 0% in the control group. The heads of embryos were sectioned along the sagittal plane to observe the morphological changes in the posterior cranial fossa and its components. Of the survivors, five in the C-T group, two in the L-S group and six in the control group were available for light microscopic inspection. In the majority of embryos with myeloschisis, without difference between the C-T and L-S groups, the fourth ventricles were smaller than those of the control group and the subarachnoid spaces in the posterior cranial fossa were also narrower. In embryos with severe changes, the cerebellum displaced downward comparing with that of the control embryos. No evidence of hydrocephalus was present Though not always typical, morphological changes similar to Chiari malformation were observed in chick embryos with surgically induced myeloschisis. It suggests a strong direct causal relationship between the two conditions and supports the theories of derangements in cerebrospinal fluid dynamics rather than those of primary mesenchymal or neural origin as a pathogenetic mechanism of Chiari malformation.
publisher	Korean Academy of Medical Sciences
publishDate	1996
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3054255/
_version_	1611444618077929472

Experimentally induced Chiari-like malformation with myeloschisis in chick embryos.

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