Nucleolus: the fascinating nuclear body

Nucleoli are the prominent contrasted structures of the cell nucleus. In the nucleolus, ribosomal RNAs are synthesized, processed and assembled with ribosomal proteins. RNA polymerase I synthesizes the ribosomal RNAs and this activity is cell cycle regulated. The nucleolus reveals the functional org...

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Main Authors:	Sirri, Valentina, Urcuqui-Inchima, Silvio, Roussel, Pascal, Hernandez-Verdun, Danièle
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Springer-Verlag 2007
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2137947/

id	pubmed-2137947
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-21379472007-12-17 Nucleolus: the fascinating nuclear body Sirri, Valentina Urcuqui-Inchima, Silvio Roussel, Pascal Hernandez-Verdun, Danièle Review Nucleoli are the prominent contrasted structures of the cell nucleus. In the nucleolus, ribosomal RNAs are synthesized, processed and assembled with ribosomal proteins. RNA polymerase I synthesizes the ribosomal RNAs and this activity is cell cycle regulated. The nucleolus reveals the functional organization of the nucleus in which the compartmentation of the different steps of ribosome biogenesis is observed whereas the nucleolar machineries are in permanent exchange with the nucleoplasm and other nuclear bodies. After mitosis, nucleolar assembly is a time and space regulated process controlled by the cell cycle. In addition, by generating a large volume in the nucleus with apparently no RNA polymerase II activity, the nucleolus creates a domain of retention/sequestration of molecules normally active outside the nucleolus. Viruses interact with the nucleolus and recruit nucleolar proteins to facilitate virus replication. The nucleolus is also a sensor of stress due to the redistribution of the ribosomal proteins in the nucleoplasm by nucleolus disruption. The nucleolus plays several crucial functions in the nucleus: in addition to its function as ribosome factory of the cells it is a multifunctional nuclear domain, and nucleolar activity is linked with several pathologies. Perspectives on the evolution of this research area are proposed. Springer-Verlag 2007-11-29 2008-01 /pmc/articles/PMC2137947/ /pubmed/18046571 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00418-007-0359-6 Text en © Springer-Verlag 2007
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Sirri, Valentina Urcuqui-Inchima, Silvio Roussel, Pascal Hernandez-Verdun, Danièle
spellingShingle	Sirri, Valentina Urcuqui-Inchima, Silvio Roussel, Pascal Hernandez-Verdun, Danièle Nucleolus: the fascinating nuclear body
author_facet	Sirri, Valentina Urcuqui-Inchima, Silvio Roussel, Pascal Hernandez-Verdun, Danièle
author_sort	Sirri, Valentina
title	Nucleolus: the fascinating nuclear body
title_short	Nucleolus: the fascinating nuclear body
title_full	Nucleolus: the fascinating nuclear body
title_fullStr	Nucleolus: the fascinating nuclear body
title_full_unstemmed	Nucleolus: the fascinating nuclear body
title_sort	nucleolus: the fascinating nuclear body
description	Nucleoli are the prominent contrasted structures of the cell nucleus. In the nucleolus, ribosomal RNAs are synthesized, processed and assembled with ribosomal proteins. RNA polymerase I synthesizes the ribosomal RNAs and this activity is cell cycle regulated. The nucleolus reveals the functional organization of the nucleus in which the compartmentation of the different steps of ribosome biogenesis is observed whereas the nucleolar machineries are in permanent exchange with the nucleoplasm and other nuclear bodies. After mitosis, nucleolar assembly is a time and space regulated process controlled by the cell cycle. In addition, by generating a large volume in the nucleus with apparently no RNA polymerase II activity, the nucleolus creates a domain of retention/sequestration of molecules normally active outside the nucleolus. Viruses interact with the nucleolus and recruit nucleolar proteins to facilitate virus replication. The nucleolus is also a sensor of stress due to the redistribution of the ribosomal proteins in the nucleoplasm by nucleolus disruption. The nucleolus plays several crucial functions in the nucleus: in addition to its function as ribosome factory of the cells it is a multifunctional nuclear domain, and nucleolar activity is linked with several pathologies. Perspectives on the evolution of this research area are proposed.
publisher	Springer-Verlag
publishDate	2007
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2137947/
_version_	1611420862978719744

Nucleolus: the fascinating nuclear body

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