Tracing the Origin and Spread of Agriculture in Europe
The origins of early farming and its spread to Europe have been the subject of major interest for some time. The main controversy today is over the nature of the Neolithic transition in Europe: the extent to which the spread was, for the most part, indigenous and animated by imitation (cultural diff...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Online |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science
2005
|
| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1287502/ |
| id |
pubmed-1287502 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| spelling |
pubmed-12875022005-11-29 Tracing the Origin and Spread of Agriculture in Europe Pinhasi, Ron Fort, Joaquim Ammerman, Albert J Research Article The origins of early farming and its spread to Europe have been the subject of major interest for some time. The main controversy today is over the nature of the Neolithic transition in Europe: the extent to which the spread was, for the most part, indigenous and animated by imitation (cultural diffusion) or else was driven by an influx of dispersing populations (demic diffusion). We analyze the spatiotemporal dynamics of the transition using radiocarbon dates from 735 early Neolithic sites in Europe, the Near East, and Anatolia. We compute great-circle and shortest-path distances from each site to 35 possible agricultural centers of origin—ten are based on early sites in the Middle East and 25 are hypothetical locations set at 5° latitude/longitude intervals. We perform a linear fit of distance versus age (and vice versa) for each center. For certain centers, high correlation coefficients (R > 0.8) are obtained. This implies that a steady rate or speed is a good overall approximation for this historical development. The average rate of the Neolithic spread over Europe is 0.6–1.3 km/y (95% confidence interval). This is consistent with the prediction of demic diffusion (0.6–1.1 km/y). An interpolative map of correlation coefficients, obtained by using shortest-path distances, shows that the origins of agriculture were most likely to have occurred in the northern Levantine/Mesopotamian area. Public Library of Science 2005-12 2005-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC1287502/ /pubmed/16292981 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030410 Text en Copyright: © 2005 Pinhasi et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
| repository_type |
Open Access Journal |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
US National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| building |
NCBI PubMed |
| collection |
Online Access |
| language |
English |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Pinhasi, Ron Fort, Joaquim Ammerman, Albert J |
| spellingShingle |
Pinhasi, Ron Fort, Joaquim Ammerman, Albert J Tracing the Origin and Spread of Agriculture in Europe |
| author_facet |
Pinhasi, Ron Fort, Joaquim Ammerman, Albert J |
| author_sort |
Pinhasi, Ron |
| title |
Tracing the Origin and Spread of Agriculture in Europe |
| title_short |
Tracing the Origin and Spread of Agriculture in Europe |
| title_full |
Tracing the Origin and Spread of Agriculture in Europe |
| title_fullStr |
Tracing the Origin and Spread of Agriculture in Europe |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Tracing the Origin and Spread of Agriculture in Europe |
| title_sort |
tracing the origin and spread of agriculture in europe |
| description |
The origins of early farming and its spread to Europe have been the subject of major interest for some time. The main controversy today is over the nature of the Neolithic transition in Europe: the extent to which the spread was, for the most part, indigenous and animated by imitation (cultural diffusion) or else was driven by an influx of dispersing populations (demic diffusion). We analyze the spatiotemporal dynamics of the transition using radiocarbon dates from 735 early Neolithic sites in Europe, the Near East, and Anatolia. We compute great-circle and shortest-path distances from each site to 35 possible agricultural centers of origin—ten are based on early sites in the Middle East and 25 are hypothetical locations set at 5° latitude/longitude intervals. We perform a linear fit of distance versus age (and vice versa) for each center. For certain centers, high correlation coefficients (R > 0.8) are obtained. This implies that a steady rate or speed is a good overall approximation for this historical development. The average rate of the Neolithic spread over Europe is 0.6–1.3 km/y (95% confidence interval). This is consistent with the prediction of demic diffusion (0.6–1.1 km/y). An interpolative map of correlation coefficients, obtained by using shortest-path distances, shows that the origins of agriculture were most likely to have occurred in the northern Levantine/Mesopotamian area. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science |
| publishDate |
2005 |
| url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1287502/ |
| _version_ |
1611379407103983616 |