mTOR-Related Brain Dysfunctions in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an ubiquitously expressed serine-threonine kinase, which senses and integrates several intracellular and environmental cues to orchestrate major processes such as cell growth and metabolism. Altered mTOR signalling is associated with brain malformation and...

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Main Authors:	Larisa Ryskalin, Fiona Limanaqi, Alessandro Frati, Carla L. Busceti, Francesco Fornai
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2018-07-01
Series:	International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Subjects:	mTOR rapamycin autophagy protein aggregation methamphetamine schizophrenia
Online Access:	http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/8/2226

id	doaj-art-167c7af0911846f79bf9c8f88d3781cc
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	doaj-art-167c7af0911846f79bf9c8f88d3781cc2018-08-22T08:03:05ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672018-07-01198222610.3390/ijms19082226ijms19082226mTOR-Related Brain Dysfunctions in Neuropsychiatric DisordersLarisa Ryskalin0Fiona Limanaqi1Alessandro Frati2Carla L. Busceti3Francesco Fornai4Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, ItalyHuman Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, ItalyI.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Isernia, ItalyI.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Isernia, ItalyHuman Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, ItalyThe mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an ubiquitously expressed serine-threonine kinase, which senses and integrates several intracellular and environmental cues to orchestrate major processes such as cell growth and metabolism. Altered mTOR signalling is associated with brain malformation and neurological disorders. Emerging evidence indicates that even subtle defects in the mTOR pathway may produce severe effects, which are evident as neurological and psychiatric disorders. On the other hand, administration of mTOR inhibitors may be beneficial for a variety of neuropsychiatric alterations encompassing neurodegeneration, brain tumors, brain ischemia, epilepsy, autism, mood disorders, drugs of abuse, and schizophrenia. mTOR has been widely implicated in synaptic plasticity and autophagy activation. This review addresses the role of mTOR-dependent autophagy dysfunction in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, to focus mainly on psychiatric syndromes including schizophrenia and drug addiction. For instance, amphetamines-induced addiction fairly overlaps with some neuropsychiatric disorders including neurodegeneration and schizophrenia. For this reason, in the present review, a special emphasis is placed on the role of mTOR on methamphetamine-induced brain alterations.http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/8/2226mTORrapamycinautophagyprotein aggregationmethamphetamineschizophrenia
institution	Open Data Bank
collection	Open Access Journals
building	Directory of Open Access Journals
language	English
format	Article
author	Larisa Ryskalin Fiona Limanaqi Alessandro Frati Carla L. Busceti Francesco Fornai
spellingShingle	Larisa Ryskalin Fiona Limanaqi Alessandro Frati Carla L. Busceti Francesco Fornai mTOR-Related Brain Dysfunctions in Neuropsychiatric Disorders International Journal of Molecular Sciences mTOR rapamycin autophagy protein aggregation methamphetamine schizophrenia
author_facet	Larisa Ryskalin Fiona Limanaqi Alessandro Frati Carla L. Busceti Francesco Fornai
author_sort	Larisa Ryskalin
title	mTOR-Related Brain Dysfunctions in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
title_short	mTOR-Related Brain Dysfunctions in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
title_full	mTOR-Related Brain Dysfunctions in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
title_fullStr	mTOR-Related Brain Dysfunctions in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
title_full_unstemmed	mTOR-Related Brain Dysfunctions in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
title_sort	mtor-related brain dysfunctions in neuropsychiatric disorders
publisher	MDPI AG
series	International Journal of Molecular Sciences
issn	1422-0067
publishDate	2018-07-01
description	The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an ubiquitously expressed serine-threonine kinase, which senses and integrates several intracellular and environmental cues to orchestrate major processes such as cell growth and metabolism. Altered mTOR signalling is associated with brain malformation and neurological disorders. Emerging evidence indicates that even subtle defects in the mTOR pathway may produce severe effects, which are evident as neurological and psychiatric disorders. On the other hand, administration of mTOR inhibitors may be beneficial for a variety of neuropsychiatric alterations encompassing neurodegeneration, brain tumors, brain ischemia, epilepsy, autism, mood disorders, drugs of abuse, and schizophrenia. mTOR has been widely implicated in synaptic plasticity and autophagy activation. This review addresses the role of mTOR-dependent autophagy dysfunction in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, to focus mainly on psychiatric syndromes including schizophrenia and drug addiction. For instance, amphetamines-induced addiction fairly overlaps with some neuropsychiatric disorders including neurodegeneration and schizophrenia. For this reason, in the present review, a special emphasis is placed on the role of mTOR on methamphetamine-induced brain alterations.
topic	mTOR rapamycin autophagy protein aggregation methamphetamine schizophrenia
url	http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/8/2226
_version_	1612679435492786176

mTOR-Related Brain Dysfunctions in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

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