Portrayal of hegemony and pluralism in Langston Hughes' poetic discourse

The democratic values of justice, diversity, freedom and equality make the basic principles in the Declaration of Independence as well as the Constitution of the United States of America. However, Blacks have suffered from the gender and racial ideologies of hegemonic Whites which have maintai...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Al Ramahi, Raed Awad Omar (Author)
Corporate Author: Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin . Faculty of Languages and Communication
Format: Thesis Book
Language:English
Subjects:

MARC

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245 1 0 |a Portrayal of hegemony and pluralism in Langston Hughes' poetic discourse   |c Raed Awad Omar Al Ramahi 
264 0 |c 2021 
300 |a xv, 369 leaves ;   |c 31 cm. 
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502 |a Thesis (Degree of Doctor Philosophy) - Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 2021 
504 |a Includes bibliographical references (leaves 333-368) 
505 0 |a 1. Introduction -- 2. Literature review -- 3. Methodology -- 4. Analysis and findings -- 5. Discussion -- 6. Conclusion 
520 |a The democratic values of justice, diversity, freedom and equality make the basic principles in the Declaration of Independence as well as the Constitution of the United States of America. However, Blacks have suffered from the gender and racial ideologies of hegemonic Whites which have maintained white supremacy. This study aims to examine the ideologies of gender, race, and pluralistic politics in Hughes' poetry, and show how these ideologies help clarifying Blacks' suffering. This study is based on interpretive perspective, thus it employed qualitative methodology. The data was generated through purposive sampling. Sixty poems were selected based on their thematic subjects. Critical discourse analysis, particularly Van Dijk and Fairclough's CDAs were employed in the analysis of data. The findings revealed that those gender and racial ideologies constructed by hegemonic Whites increase Blacks' suffering mainly through stereotyping. Black women are stereotyped as mammies, matriarchs, jezebels, sapphires and submissive beings. These stereotypes perpetuate Black women's inferiority through changing their gender roles, making them unable to conform to true femininity and legitimizing Whites' interference. On the other hand, Black men are stereotyped as violent, alcohol addict, hypersexual and poor. These stereotypes emasculate Black masculinity as Black men are constructed as unqualified patriarchs and rapists, which justify Whites' suppression of those men. Hughes' poetic discourse addresses Blacks' suffering through proposing several pluralistic politics. These politics encompass interest group pluralism, liberal democracy and compromise as negotiation. They contribute to improving the unjust social reality through bringing equality, disseminating power among ethnic groups and constructing Blacks as an interest group able to compete for common good. This thesis argues that Hughes' poetic discourse not only articulates Blacks' suffering, but also serves as a discourse of emancipation. It contributes to the revelation of hegemonic social reality that normalizes Blacks' exploitation and at the same time voices pluralistic politics that help improving the unjust social reality experienced by Blacks in America. 
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650 0 |a Poetry   |x Black authors 
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