http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-2.xsd
impacts of autogenic, progressive muscle and music relaxation on psychological and physiological variables among Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin athletes
xvii, 131 leaves : some colour illustrations ; 30 cm.
Relaxation technique is a method, process, procedure or activity that helps a person to relax. There are several methods of relaxation techniques that can be used and proven beneficial to improve the individual state of relaxation. The type of relaxation technique used can affect either mentally or physically or both. The relaxation techniques can be performed either individually or in a group. The practice of relaxation techniques in individual will improve quality of life as well as emotional and physical.This study aims to compare the impact of three different relaxation techniques, namely Autogenic (AGR), Progressive Muscle (PMR) and Music Relaxation (MR) on psychological and physiological effects among Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) athletes. Eighty niSZA athletes age 18 to 25 years old who acheived the target level in huttle Run Test (SRT) were randomly assigned into four group which were AGR, PMR, MR and control group. Every group consists of 20 subjects with male and female athletes with different type of the sports event. The psychological and physiological parameter were measured during pre and postintervention. The participants in the intervention groups received the relaxation training twice a week for four weeks, 30 minutes per sessions. While, the control group did not receive any relaxation training during the intervention time. For p ychological parameter in time and group interaction effect, a repeated measure ANOV A conducted showed that two subscales in BRUM significantly changes in post-intervention such vigor (F=1.228, p<O.OOOl) and confusion (F=3.412, p=0.022). Other negative mood scores howed no significant changes such; (anger; F=2.235, p=0.091, depression ; F=0.960, p=0.416, fatigue; F=0.724, p=0.540, tension; F=16.083, p=0.913). The level of exertion in Rating Perceive Exertion (RPE) showed no significant changes (F=1.228, p=0.305). The results of Pairwise Comparison revealed that the three types of relaxation techniques (AGR, PMR and MR) effective to enhance vigor (positive mood) core among the adult subjects. The result showed that PMR was the most effective relaxation technique for the psychological parameter. For physiological parameter in time and group interaction effect, a repeated measure ANOVA conducted showed significantly changes in serum lactate (F=4.661, p=0.008). Other physiological parameter revealed no significant changes (SRT level; F=1.870,p=0.142, V02 max; F=1.705, p=0.173, heart rate (HR); F=0.196, p=0.899). The result of Pairwise Comparison revealed that MR was a potential relaxation technique for the physiological parameters. In conclusion, the effect of relaxation techniques are different for psychological and physiological parameters. PMR is the best relaxation technique can be use to regulate mood response among the adult subject. However for physiological parameter, music we used (slow music with zikr lyric) is effective towards individual endurance. These two relaxation techniques has potential to be used by university athletes to increase their performance in sports tournament.
Thesis (Degree of Master of Science) - Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 2016
Includes bibliographical references (pages 88-110)