| Summary: | This study aimed to study the prevalence and characteristics of toxigenic Campylobacter jejuni in Ulam at farm and retail outlet in Terengganu. Prevalence of C. jejuni and Cytolethal-Distending- Toxin (cdt) genes at farms and retail outlets were determined by Multiplex-PCR (mPCR) method for 546 samples (Ulam, soil and fertilizer). All samples were purchased from five farms and twelve retail outlets around Terengganu from January 2013 to April 2014. The average prevalence of C. jejuni at farm by mPCR were in the range of 15.38% to 60.00% and 26.67% to 80.00% at retail outlets. Ninety-eight C. jejuni were isolated from the Ulam and soil samples. However only 10 isolates have shown the presence of cdtC. The antibiotic susceptibility test was determined using disk diffusion method on 98 sample C. jejuni isolates. C. jejuni isolates were resistance to penicillin G (92.86%) followed by vancomycin (85.71 %), ampicillin (34.69%), erythromycin (27.55%), tetracycline (5.10%), gentamicin (4.08%), amikacin (3.06%), enrofloxacin (1.00%), norfloxacin (1.00%), and no resistance observed in ciprofloxacin. Molecular characterization using RAPD showed less correlation between types of vegetables and its sampling location. RAPD clustering showed contamination could have happen along the production of fresh produces. This study showed presence of C. jejuni in the Ulam and toxigenic strains were detected in all sampling sites which posed risks of campylobacteriosis to consumer through ulam consumption.
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