Search Results - "Extinction event"

Biomarker Records Associated with Mass Extinction Events by Whiteside, J., Grice, Kliti

“…Biomarkers are a powerful tool for the reconstruction of historical environmental conditions and can therefore provide insights into the cause and responses to ancient extinction events. In examining the five largest mass extinctions in the geological record, investigators have used biomarkers to elucidate key processes such as eutrophy, euxinia, ocean acidification, changes in hydrological balance, and changes in atmospheric CO2. …”
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The end-Cretaceous mass extinction event--Recovery and evolution of life by Schaefer, Bettina

“…Biomarker and stable isotopes are used to summarise the extinction event and the recovery of microbial life in the Chicxulub impact crater. …”
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Biomarkers and stable isotopic compositions associated with sulfide-rich ancient deposits from mass extinction events by Melendez Mogollon, Ines Mercedes

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Biomarker distributions and stable isotopes (C, S, H) to establish palaeoenvironmental change related to the end-Permian mass extinction event by Nabbefeld, Birgit

“…In this thesis various organic geochemical (biomarker and stable isotopes) and geological (sedimentology and palaeontology) approaches have been undertaken to examine one of the most significant mass extinction events that occurred during the Late Permian (252 My ago) near to the Permian/Triassic (P/Tr) boundary. …”
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Elevated pCO2 leading to Late Triassic extinction, persistent photic zone euxinia, and rising sea levels by Jaraula, Caroline, Grice, Kliti, Twitchett, R., Bottcher, M, Le Metayer, P., Dastidar, A., Opazo, L.

“…The Late Triassic mass extinction event is the most severe global warming–related crisis to have affected important extant marine groups such as scleractinian corals, and offers potential insights into climate change scenarios. …”
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Unique marine PermianTriassic boundary section from Western Australia by Thomas, B. M., Willink, R. J., Grice, Kliti, Twitchett, R. J., Purcell, R. R., Archbold, N. W., George, A. D., Tye, S., Alexander, Robert, Foster, C. B., Barber, Cindy

“…Such sequences, which provide a biostratigraphic and environmental record at the time of the largest extinction event of the past 500 million years, are globally rare, and this is the first to be documentedin Australia. …”
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A temporal link between the Emeishan large Igneous Province (SW China) and the end-Guadalupian mass extinction by Zhou, M., Malpas, J., Song, X., Robinson, Todd, Sun, M., Kennedy, Allen, Lescher, C., Keays, R.

“…Previous studies have suggested that there were two mass extinction events in the Late Permian: one that occurred at the Permo-Triassic (P/T) boundary (251 Ma) and a second, smaller mass extinction that occurred 5 8 Myr earlier at the end of the Guadalupian. …”
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An extremely low-density human population exterminated New Zealand moa by Holdaway, R., Allentoft, M., Jacomb, C., Oskam, C., Beavan, N., Bunce, Michael

“…New Zealand offers the best opportunity to estimate the number of people involved in a megafaunal extinction event because, uniquely, both the Polynesian settlement of New Zealand and moa extinction are recent enough to be dated with a high degree of precision. …”
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Chicxulub and the exploration of large peak-ring impact craters through scientific drilling by Kring, D., Claeys, P., Gulick, S., Morgan, J., Collins, G., Bralower, T., Chenot, E., Christeson, G., Cockell, C., Coolen, Marco, Ferrière, L., Gebhardt, C., Goto, K., Jones, H., Lofi, J., Lowery, C., Mellett, C., Ocampo-Torres, R., Perez-Cruz, L., Pickersgill, A., Poelchau, M., Rae, A., Rasmussen, C., Rebolledo-Vieyra, M., Riller, U., Sato, H., Smit, J., Tikoo, S., Tomioka, N., Urrutia-Fucugauchi, J., Whalen, M., Wittmann, A., Xiao, L., Yamaguchi, K., Zylberman, W.

“…The Chicxulub crater is the only wellpreserved peak-ring crater on Earth and linked, famously, to the K-T or K-Pg mass extinction event. For the first time, geologists have drilled into the peak ring of that crater in the International Ocean Discovery Program and International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (IODP-ICDP) Expedition 364. …”
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Molecular signature of the Neoproterozoic Acraman impact event by Hallman, Christian, Grey, K., Webster, L., McKirdy, D., Grice, Kliti

“…Coronene occurrence at a distance beyond granular impact ejecta, as well as analogies of accompanying phenomena with those linked to the aftermath of the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) extinction event, indicate that pyrogenic compounds formed during the Acraman event are likely to have been deposited across a geographically extensive area. …”
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Animals living in polluted environments are a potential source of anti-tumour 2 molecule(s) by Jeyamogan, Shareni, Khan, Naveed Ahmed *, Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah Bano *

“…Under polluted milieus, species such as crocodiles, feed on rotten meat, are exposed to heavy metals, endure high levels of radiation, are among the very few species to survive the catastrophic Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event with a prolonged lifespan. Thus it is reasonable to speculate that animals such as crocodiles have developed mechanisms to defend themselves against cancer. …”
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Extinct New Zealand megafauna were not in decline before human colonization by Allentoft, M., Heller, R., Oskam, C., Lorenzen, E., Hale, M., Gilbert, M., Jacomb, C., Holdaway, R., Bunce, Michael

“…Although genetic diversity differed significantly among the four species, we found that the millennia preceding the extinction were characterized by a remarkable degree of genetic stability in all species, with no loss of heterozygosity and no shifts in allele frequencies over time. The extinction event itself was too rapid to be manifested in the moa gene pools. …”
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Two-pronged kill mechanism at the end-Triassic mass extinction by Fox, Calum P., Whiteside, J.H., Olsen, P.E., Cui, X., Summons, R.E., Idiz, E., Grice, Kliti

“…The stressors of PZE and decalcification parsimoniously explain the extinction event and inform possible combined causes of other biotic crises linked to emplacement of large igneous provinces, notably the end-Permian mass extinction, when PZE occurred on a broad and perhaps global scale…”
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Correlating terrestrial signatures from biomarker distributions, δ13C, and palynology in fluvio-deltaic deposits from NW Australia (Triassic-Jurassic) by Grice, Kliti, Backhouse, J., Alexander, Robert, Marshall, N., Logan, G.

“…The decline of F. australis and the rapid emergence of assemblages dominated by Corollina spp. at the end of the Triassic marks a rapid-pollen spore extinction event. At the Triassic–Jurassic boundary there is an increase in relative abundance of the higher plant biomarkers (cadalene and simonellite) in a prodeltaic facies. …”
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Microbial-algal community changes during the latest Permian ecological crisis: Evidence from lipid biomarkers at Cili, South China by Luo, G., Wang, Y., Grice, Kliti, Kershaw, S., Algeo, T., Ruan, X., Yang, H., Jia, C., Xie, S.

“…Although pristine/phytane (Pr/Ph) ratios increased in the microbialite layer, covariation of Pr/Ph with the ratio of low- to high-molecular-weight n-alkanes (C20 −/C20 +) suggests that the former proxy was controlled by microbial (particularly cyanobacterial) inputs rather than by redox conditions.The microbialite also yielded low ratios of hopanes to short-chain n-alkanes (HP/Lalk) and high abundances of C21n-alkylcyclohexane, indicating that, in addition to cyanobacteria, anaerobic bacteria, archaea, and possibly acritarchs flourished in the aftermath of the marine extinction event. The upper part of the thinly bedded micritic limestone overlying the microbialite exhibits a bimodal distribution of n-alkanes as well as increased abundances of extended tricyclic terpanes and steranes, suggesting a return of habitable shallow-marine conditions for eukaryotic algae several hundred thousand years after the latest Permian mass extinction. …”
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Changes of palaeoenvironmental conditions recorded in Late Devonian reef systems from the Canning Basin, Western Australia: A biomarker and stable isotope approach by Tulipani, Svenja, Grice, Kliti, Greenwood, Paul, Haines, P., Sauer, P., Schimmelmann, A., Summons, R., Foster, C., Böttcher, M., Playton, T., Schwark, Lorenz

“…Although the Late Devonian extinctions were amongst the largest mass extinction events in the Phanerozoic, the causes, nature and timing of these events remain poorly restrained. …”
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The Kalkarindji Large Igneous Province, Australia: Petrogenesis of the oldest and most compositionally homogenous province of the Phanerozoic by Ware, Bryant, Jourdan, Fred, Merle, Renaud, Chiaradia, M., Hodges, K.

“…The Kalkarindji Large Igneous Province (LIP) is a Middle Cambrian (511 Ma) continental flood basalt (CFB) province located in northern and central-west Australia that has been linked to an extinction event at the Early-Middle Cambrian boundary. …”
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Molecular and isotopic evidence reveals the end-Triassic carbon isotope excursion is not from massive exogenous light carbon by Fox, Calum P., Cui, X., Whiteside, J.H., Olsen, P.E., Summons, R.E., Grice, Kliti

“…An abrupt sea-level fall observed in the Central European basins reflects the tectonic consequences of the initial CAMP emplacement, with broad implications for all extinction events related to large igneous provinces.…”
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Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds by Jarvis, E., Mirarab, S., Aberer, A., Li, B., Houde, P., Li, C., Ho, S., Faircloth, B., Nabholz, B., Howard, J., Suh, A., Weber, C., da Fonseca, R., Li, J., Zhang, F., Li, H., Zhou, L., Narala, N., Liu, L., Ganapathy, G., boussau, B., Bayzid, M.S., Zavidovych, V., Subramanian, S., Gabaldon, T., Capella-Gutierrez, S., Huerta-Cepas, J., Rekepalli, B., Munch, K., Schierup, M., Lindow, B., Warren, W., Ray, D., Green, R., Bruford, M., Zhan, X., Dixon, A., Li, S., Li, N., Huang, Y., Derryberry, E., Bertelsen, M., Sheldon, F., Brumfield, R., Mello, C., Lovell, P., Wirthlin, M., Schneider, M., Prosdocimi, F., Samaniego, J.A., Velazquez, A., Alfaro-Nunez, A., Campos, P., Petersen, B., Sicheritz-Ponten, T., Pas, A., Bailey, T., Scofield, P., Bunce, Michael, Lambert, D., Zhou, Q., Perelman, P., Driskell, A., Shapiro, B., Xiong, Z., Zeng, Y., Liu, S., Li, Z., Liu, B., Wu, K., Xiao, J., Xiong, Y., Zheng, Q., Zhang, Y., Yang, H., Wang, J., Smeds, L., Rheindt, F., Braun, M., Fjeldsa, J., Oelando, L., Barker, K., Jonsson, K., Johnson, W., Koepfli, K., O'Brien, S., Haussler, D., Ryder, O., Rahbek, C., Willerslev, E., Graves, G., Glenn, T., McCormack, J., Burt, D., Ellegren, H., Alstrom, P., Edwards, S., Stamatakis, A., Mindell, D., Cracraft, J., Braun, E., Warnow, T., Wang, Jun, Gilbert, Thomas, Zhang, G.

“…Even with whole genomes, some of the earliest branches in Neoaves proved challenging to resolve, which was best explained by massive protein-coding sequence convergence and high levels of incomplete lineage sorting that occurred during a rapid radiation after the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction event about 66 million years ago.…”
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Paleowildfire at the end-Triassic mass extinction: Smoke or fire? by Fox, Calum P., Holman, Alex, Rigo, M., Al Suwaidi, A., Grice, Kliti

“…Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are routinely used as proxies for wildfire in geological sediments associated with large igneous province (LIP) driven CO2 increases and mass extinction events. One example is the end-Triassic mass extinction event (ETE) driven by Earth's most laterally extensive LIP, the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP). …”
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