Mechanisms of bacterial detoxification of Cr(VI) from industrial wastewater in the presence of industrial effluent as potential energy source
Chromium (Cr), especially Cr(VI) is of particular environmental concern owing to its high solubility, bioavailability and toxicity. The reduction of Cr(VI) to innocuous Cr(III) is an important step in the remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated environments. The understanding of how microorganisms resist...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Monograph |
| Language: | English |
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Faculty of Science
2009
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.utm.my/9753/ http://eprints.utm.my/9753/1/78176.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848891929800998912 |
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| author | Ahmad, Wan Azlina Shahir, Shafinaz Zakaria, Zainul Akmar |
| author_facet | Ahmad, Wan Azlina Shahir, Shafinaz Zakaria, Zainul Akmar |
| author_sort | Ahmad, Wan Azlina |
| building | UTeM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Chromium (Cr), especially Cr(VI) is of particular environmental concern owing to its high solubility, bioavailability and toxicity. The reduction of Cr(VI) to innocuous Cr(III) is an important step in the remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated environments. The understanding of how microorganisms resist metals can provide insight into strategies for their detoxification or removal from the environment. The present investigation was undertaken to study the Cr(VI) resistance mechanisms by Acinetobacter haemolyticus, a strain isolated from Cr(VI)-containing textile wastewater. In preliminary studies, the strain was shown to be able to tolerate Cr(VI) concentrations of 30 and 90 mg L-1 in Luria-Bertani (LB) agar and broth respectively. The Cr(VI) reduction capacity of A. haemolyticus was found to be greater when grown in higher percentage of LB broth than minimal salts broth. The Cr(VI) reduction also increased with lower initial concentration of Cr(VI) added after 5 hours. The x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analysis displayed the ability of the strain to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III) which was octahedrally coordinated to oxygen. The Cr(III) was most likely to form complexes with carboxyl (COO-) groups from the biomass based on Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The FTIR analysis also showed interactions of chromium with amino and hydroxyl groups. Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) showed that cells grown in the presence of Cr(VI) had a wrinkled appearance with a significant increase in size. No precipitates were found on the cell surface. However, precipitates were observed in the cytoplasmic region of the cells via transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis, suggesting the transport of Cr(VI) into the cytoplasm and intracellular Cr(VI) reduction. Intracellular reduction of Cr(VI) was supported by a reductase test using soluble crude cell - free extracts. The specific reductase activity obtained was 0.52 μg Cr(VI) reduced per mg of protein an hour at pH 7.2 and 37 ˚C. In plasmid screenings, the strain was found to harbor a plasmid of about 12 kb. The findings showed that Cr(VI) resistance mechanisms of A. haemolyticus include the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), and intra- and extracellular sequestration of chromium. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T21:05:47Z |
| format | Monograph |
| id | utm-9753 |
| institution | Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T21:05:47Z |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publisher | Faculty of Science |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | utm-97532011-05-10T05:18:12Z http://eprints.utm.my/9753/ Mechanisms of bacterial detoxification of Cr(VI) from industrial wastewater in the presence of industrial effluent as potential energy source Ahmad, Wan Azlina Shahir, Shafinaz Zakaria, Zainul Akmar Q Science (General) Chromium (Cr), especially Cr(VI) is of particular environmental concern owing to its high solubility, bioavailability and toxicity. The reduction of Cr(VI) to innocuous Cr(III) is an important step in the remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated environments. The understanding of how microorganisms resist metals can provide insight into strategies for their detoxification or removal from the environment. The present investigation was undertaken to study the Cr(VI) resistance mechanisms by Acinetobacter haemolyticus, a strain isolated from Cr(VI)-containing textile wastewater. In preliminary studies, the strain was shown to be able to tolerate Cr(VI) concentrations of 30 and 90 mg L-1 in Luria-Bertani (LB) agar and broth respectively. The Cr(VI) reduction capacity of A. haemolyticus was found to be greater when grown in higher percentage of LB broth than minimal salts broth. The Cr(VI) reduction also increased with lower initial concentration of Cr(VI) added after 5 hours. The x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analysis displayed the ability of the strain to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III) which was octahedrally coordinated to oxygen. The Cr(III) was most likely to form complexes with carboxyl (COO-) groups from the biomass based on Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The FTIR analysis also showed interactions of chromium with amino and hydroxyl groups. Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) showed that cells grown in the presence of Cr(VI) had a wrinkled appearance with a significant increase in size. No precipitates were found on the cell surface. However, precipitates were observed in the cytoplasmic region of the cells via transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis, suggesting the transport of Cr(VI) into the cytoplasm and intracellular Cr(VI) reduction. Intracellular reduction of Cr(VI) was supported by a reductase test using soluble crude cell - free extracts. The specific reductase activity obtained was 0.52 μg Cr(VI) reduced per mg of protein an hour at pH 7.2 and 37 ˚C. In plasmid screenings, the strain was found to harbor a plasmid of about 12 kb. The findings showed that Cr(VI) resistance mechanisms of A. haemolyticus include the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), and intra- and extracellular sequestration of chromium. Faculty of Science 2009-12-31 Monograph NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.utm.my/9753/1/78176.pdf Ahmad, Wan Azlina and Shahir, Shafinaz and Zakaria, Zainul Akmar (2009) Mechanisms of bacterial detoxification of Cr(VI) from industrial wastewater in the presence of industrial effluent as potential energy source. Project Report. Faculty of Science, Skudai, Johor. (Unpublished) |
| spellingShingle | Q Science (General) Ahmad, Wan Azlina Shahir, Shafinaz Zakaria, Zainul Akmar Mechanisms of bacterial detoxification of Cr(VI) from industrial wastewater in the presence of industrial effluent as potential energy source |
| title | Mechanisms of bacterial detoxification of Cr(VI) from industrial wastewater in the presence of industrial effluent as potential energy source |
| title_full | Mechanisms of bacterial detoxification of Cr(VI) from industrial wastewater in the presence of industrial effluent as potential energy source |
| title_fullStr | Mechanisms of bacterial detoxification of Cr(VI) from industrial wastewater in the presence of industrial effluent as potential energy source |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanisms of bacterial detoxification of Cr(VI) from industrial wastewater in the presence of industrial effluent as potential energy source |
| title_short | Mechanisms of bacterial detoxification of Cr(VI) from industrial wastewater in the presence of industrial effluent as potential energy source |
| title_sort | mechanisms of bacterial detoxification of cr(vi) from industrial wastewater in the presence of industrial effluent as potential energy source |
| topic | Q Science (General) |
| url | http://eprints.utm.my/9753/ http://eprints.utm.my/9753/1/78176.pdf |