Equilibrium and Mechanism of Removal of Total Dissolved Solids and Hardness by Adsorption onto Neem Seed Powder Adsorbent

This study is aimed to investigate the level of total dissolved solids and hardness of groundwater using neem seed powder as an adsorbent. Analysis of four groundwater samples in triplicate has been collected from diferent locations in Nawabshah city. The level of total dissolved solids (TDS), hardn...

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Main Authors:	Urooj Gul Sandilo, Urooj Gul Sandilo, Detho, Amir, Memon, Asif Ali, Jakhrani, Abdul Qayoom, Abdul Kadir, Aeslina
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Springer 2023
Subjects:	T Technology (General)
Online Access:	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/9542/ http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/9542/1/J16071_77b6d4abad7c612f864f1d6c53625f37.pdf

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author	Urooj Gul Sandilo, Urooj Gul Sandilo Detho, Amir Memon, Asif Ali Jakhrani, Abdul Qayoom Abdul Kadir, Aeslina
author_facet	Urooj Gul Sandilo, Urooj Gul Sandilo Detho, Amir Memon, Asif Ali Jakhrani, Abdul Qayoom Abdul Kadir, Aeslina
author_sort	Urooj Gul Sandilo, Urooj Gul Sandilo
building	UTHM Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
description	This study is aimed to investigate the level of total dissolved solids and hardness of groundwater using neem seed powder as an adsorbent. Analysis of four groundwater samples in triplicate has been collected from diferent locations in Nawabshah city. The level of total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness, calcium, and magnesium is examined using seven diferent doses, i.e., 0.5,1.0 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 g of neem seed powder per 100 ml of groundwater samples. The neem seed powder is mixed with groundwater samples and then stirred for a few minutes for amalgamation. The samples subsequently are left without disturbance for 30 min. The level of total dissolved solids has been measured with a TDS meter, hardness, and calcium using the titration method and magnesium with a different method. It was from the analysis that the removal percentage achieved 70% of total dissolved solids, 70% of hardness, 62% of calcium, and 65% of magnesium reduced from the examined groundwater samples. The maximum reduction of TDS, hardness, and calcium magnesium is achieved using the dose of 2.5 g/100 mL of groundwater samples at a retention time of 30 min. However, the fnding result revealed that the values of the coefcient of determination (R2 ) for Langmuir are higher than Freundlich, indicating that better ftted than the latter. The R results showed that TDS, hardness, calcium, and magnesium removal were 0.9972, 0.9953, 0.9961, and 0.9958, respectively. This indicates that adsorbent surface covers a monolayer of adsorbing molecules.
first_indexed	2025-11-15T20:30:28Z
format	Article
id	uthm-9542
institution	Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
institution_category	Local University
language	English
last_indexed	2025-11-15T20:30:28Z
publishDate	2023
publisher	Springer
recordtype	eprints
repository_type	Digital Repository
spelling	uthm-95422023-08-02T03:48:36Z http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/9542/ Equilibrium and Mechanism of Removal of Total Dissolved Solids and Hardness by Adsorption onto Neem Seed Powder Adsorbent Urooj Gul Sandilo, Urooj Gul Sandilo Detho, Amir Memon, Asif Ali Jakhrani, Abdul Qayoom Abdul Kadir, Aeslina T Technology (General) This study is aimed to investigate the level of total dissolved solids and hardness of groundwater using neem seed powder as an adsorbent. Analysis of four groundwater samples in triplicate has been collected from diferent locations in Nawabshah city. The level of total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness, calcium, and magnesium is examined using seven diferent doses, i.e., 0.5,1.0 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 g of neem seed powder per 100 ml of groundwater samples. The neem seed powder is mixed with groundwater samples and then stirred for a few minutes for amalgamation. The samples subsequently are left without disturbance for 30 min. The level of total dissolved solids has been measured with a TDS meter, hardness, and calcium using the titration method and magnesium with a different method. It was from the analysis that the removal percentage achieved 70% of total dissolved solids, 70% of hardness, 62% of calcium, and 65% of magnesium reduced from the examined groundwater samples. The maximum reduction of TDS, hardness, and calcium magnesium is achieved using the dose of 2.5 g/100 mL of groundwater samples at a retention time of 30 min. However, the fnding result revealed that the values of the coefcient of determination (R2 ) for Langmuir are higher than Freundlich, indicating that better ftted than the latter. The R results showed that TDS, hardness, calcium, and magnesium removal were 0.9972, 0.9953, 0.9961, and 0.9958, respectively. This indicates that adsorbent surface covers a monolayer of adsorbing molecules. Springer 2023 Article PeerReviewed text en http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/9542/1/J16071_77b6d4abad7c612f864f1d6c53625f37.pdf Urooj Gul Sandilo, Urooj Gul Sandilo and Detho, Amir and Memon, Asif Ali and Jakhrani, Abdul Qayoom and Abdul Kadir, Aeslina (2023) Equilibrium and Mechanism of Removal of Total Dissolved Solids and Hardness by Adsorption onto Neem Seed Powder Adsorbent. Water Air Soil Pollut. pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06224-9
spellingShingle	T Technology (General) Urooj Gul Sandilo, Urooj Gul Sandilo Detho, Amir Memon, Asif Ali Jakhrani, Abdul Qayoom Abdul Kadir, Aeslina Equilibrium and Mechanism of Removal of Total Dissolved Solids and Hardness by Adsorption onto Neem Seed Powder Adsorbent
title	Equilibrium and Mechanism of Removal of Total Dissolved Solids and Hardness by Adsorption onto Neem Seed Powder Adsorbent
title_full	Equilibrium and Mechanism of Removal of Total Dissolved Solids and Hardness by Adsorption onto Neem Seed Powder Adsorbent
title_fullStr	Equilibrium and Mechanism of Removal of Total Dissolved Solids and Hardness by Adsorption onto Neem Seed Powder Adsorbent
title_full_unstemmed	Equilibrium and Mechanism of Removal of Total Dissolved Solids and Hardness by Adsorption onto Neem Seed Powder Adsorbent
title_short	Equilibrium and Mechanism of Removal of Total Dissolved Solids and Hardness by Adsorption onto Neem Seed Powder Adsorbent
title_sort	equilibrium and mechanism of removal of total dissolved solids and hardness by adsorption onto neem seed powder adsorbent
topic	T Technology (General)
url	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/9542/ http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/9542/ http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/9542/1/J16071_77b6d4abad7c612f864f1d6c53625f37.pdf

Equilibrium and Mechanism of Removal of Total Dissolved Solids and Hardness by Adsorption onto Neem Seed Powder Adsorbent

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