Phytoremediation efficiencies of Spirodela polyrhiza and Brassica oleracea in removing nutrients from treated sewage effluent

The study investigates the capacity of phytoremediation as a post-treatment step for the nutrientrich- treated sewage effluent from Saga City sewage treatment plant, Saga, Japan. Phytoremediation in the context of this study is the removal of nutrients such as ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen a...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ng, Kah Mun, Radin Mohamed, Radin Maya Saphira, Miswan, Muhammad Safwan, Al-Gheethi, Adel, Mohd Kassim, Amir Hashim, Mishima, Yuichiro
Format: Article
Published: Desalination Publications 2020
Subjects:
Online Access:http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/6365/
_version_ 1848888791794712576
author Ng, Kah Mun
Radin Mohamed, Radin Maya Saphira
Miswan, Muhammad Safwan
Al-Gheethi, Adel
Mohd Kassim, Amir Hashim
Mishima, Yuichiro
author_facet Ng, Kah Mun
Radin Mohamed, Radin Maya Saphira
Miswan, Muhammad Safwan
Al-Gheethi, Adel
Mohd Kassim, Amir Hashim
Mishima, Yuichiro
author_sort Ng, Kah Mun
building UTHM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description The study investigates the capacity of phytoremediation as a post-treatment step for the nutrientrich- treated sewage effluent from Saga City sewage treatment plant, Saga, Japan. Phytoremediation in the context of this study is the removal of nutrients such as ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and phosphorus from the nutrient-rich-treated sewage effluent by plants. In this study, Spirodela polyrhiza (S. polyrhiza) and Brassica oleracea (B. oleracea) were used to phytoremediate the treated sewage effluent collected from the Saga City Sewage Treatment Plant under laboratory scale. Plants were grown in polypropylene planter box supplied with 8,000 mL treated sewage effluent under indoor environment and full water retention throughout the experimental studies. The removal efficiency and daily absorption of nutrients by phytoremediation plants were determined. It was found that the most optimal removal efficiency and average daily nutrient removal rate by S. polyrhiza throughout the experiment were 92.42% ± 1.29% or 15.4 mg/L/d for ammoniacal nitrogen achieved in day 1, 78.69% ± 10.31% or 2.68 mg/L/d for nitrate-nitrogen achieved in day 4, and 93.45% ± 3.26% or 0.51 mg/L/d for phosphorus in day 3 of an experiment. On the other hand, the removal efficiency and average daily nutrient removal rate by B. oleracea throughout the experiment gave a total of 8 d where 76.07% ± 10.38% or 1.68 mg/L/d for ammoniacal nitrogen, 78.38% ± 0.40% or 1.19 mg/L/d for nitrate-nitrogen and 67.40% ± 10.91% or 0.10 mg/L/d for phosphorus. The overall findings demonstrated that phytoremediation by S. polyrhiza was far more effective in removing nutrients from the nutrient-rich-treated sewage effluent compared to B. oleracea. The significance of the study includes reducing the possibility of eutrophication outbreak caused by the disposal of treated sewage effluent, advocating less dependency on global demand for non-renewable phosphorus resources in the agriculture sector, and solving food demand due to the increasing world population.
first_indexed 2025-11-15T20:15:54Z
format Article
id uthm-6365
institution Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
institution_category Local University
last_indexed 2025-11-15T20:15:54Z
publishDate 2020
publisher Desalination Publications
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling uthm-63652022-01-30T07:25:09Z http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/6365/ Phytoremediation efficiencies of Spirodela polyrhiza and Brassica oleracea in removing nutrients from treated sewage effluent Ng, Kah Mun Radin Mohamed, Radin Maya Saphira Miswan, Muhammad Safwan Al-Gheethi, Adel Mohd Kassim, Amir Hashim Mishima, Yuichiro TD511-780 Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage The study investigates the capacity of phytoremediation as a post-treatment step for the nutrientrich- treated sewage effluent from Saga City sewage treatment plant, Saga, Japan. Phytoremediation in the context of this study is the removal of nutrients such as ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and phosphorus from the nutrient-rich-treated sewage effluent by plants. In this study, Spirodela polyrhiza (S. polyrhiza) and Brassica oleracea (B. oleracea) were used to phytoremediate the treated sewage effluent collected from the Saga City Sewage Treatment Plant under laboratory scale. Plants were grown in polypropylene planter box supplied with 8,000 mL treated sewage effluent under indoor environment and full water retention throughout the experimental studies. The removal efficiency and daily absorption of nutrients by phytoremediation plants were determined. It was found that the most optimal removal efficiency and average daily nutrient removal rate by S. polyrhiza throughout the experiment were 92.42% ± 1.29% or 15.4 mg/L/d for ammoniacal nitrogen achieved in day 1, 78.69% ± 10.31% or 2.68 mg/L/d for nitrate-nitrogen achieved in day 4, and 93.45% ± 3.26% or 0.51 mg/L/d for phosphorus in day 3 of an experiment. On the other hand, the removal efficiency and average daily nutrient removal rate by B. oleracea throughout the experiment gave a total of 8 d where 76.07% ± 10.38% or 1.68 mg/L/d for ammoniacal nitrogen, 78.38% ± 0.40% or 1.19 mg/L/d for nitrate-nitrogen and 67.40% ± 10.91% or 0.10 mg/L/d for phosphorus. The overall findings demonstrated that phytoremediation by S. polyrhiza was far more effective in removing nutrients from the nutrient-rich-treated sewage effluent compared to B. oleracea. The significance of the study includes reducing the possibility of eutrophication outbreak caused by the disposal of treated sewage effluent, advocating less dependency on global demand for non-renewable phosphorus resources in the agriculture sector, and solving food demand due to the increasing world population. Desalination Publications 2020 Article PeerReviewed Ng, Kah Mun and Radin Mohamed, Radin Maya Saphira and Miswan, Muhammad Safwan and Al-Gheethi, Adel and Mohd Kassim, Amir Hashim and Mishima, Yuichiro (2020) Phytoremediation efficiencies of Spirodela polyrhiza and Brassica oleracea in removing nutrients from treated sewage effluent. Desalination and Water Treatment, 187. pp. 87-92. ISSN 1944-3994 https://dx.doi.org/ 10.5004/dwt.2020.25297
spellingShingle TD511-780 Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage
Ng, Kah Mun
Radin Mohamed, Radin Maya Saphira
Miswan, Muhammad Safwan
Al-Gheethi, Adel
Mohd Kassim, Amir Hashim
Mishima, Yuichiro
Phytoremediation efficiencies of Spirodela polyrhiza and Brassica oleracea in removing nutrients from treated sewage effluent
title Phytoremediation efficiencies of Spirodela polyrhiza and Brassica oleracea in removing nutrients from treated sewage effluent
title_full Phytoremediation efficiencies of Spirodela polyrhiza and Brassica oleracea in removing nutrients from treated sewage effluent
title_fullStr Phytoremediation efficiencies of Spirodela polyrhiza and Brassica oleracea in removing nutrients from treated sewage effluent
title_full_unstemmed Phytoremediation efficiencies of Spirodela polyrhiza and Brassica oleracea in removing nutrients from treated sewage effluent
title_short Phytoremediation efficiencies of Spirodela polyrhiza and Brassica oleracea in removing nutrients from treated sewage effluent
title_sort phytoremediation efficiencies of spirodela polyrhiza and brassica oleracea in removing nutrients from treated sewage effluent
topic TD511-780 Sewage collection and disposal systems. Sewerage
url http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/6365/
http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/6365/