Development of Prolonged Standing Strain Index to Quantify Risk Levels of Standing Jobs
Many occupations in industry such as metal stamping workers, electronics parts assembly operators, automotive industry welders, and lathe operators require working in a standing posture for a long time. Prolonged standing can contribute to discomfort and muscle fatigue particularly in the back and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Central Institute for Labour Protection, Poland.
2012
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| Online Access: | http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/3938/ http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/3938/1/published_article%5B1%5D.pdf |
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| author | Isa, Halim |
| author_facet | Isa, Halim |
| author_sort | Isa, Halim |
| building | UTeM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Many occupations in industry such as metal stamping workers, electronics parts assembly operators, automotive
industry welders, and lathe operators require working in a standing posture for a long time. Prolonged standing can contribute to discomfort and muscle fatigue particularly in the back and legs. This study developed the prolonged standing strain index (PSSI) to quantify the risk levels caused by standing jobs, and proposed recommendations to minimize the risk levels. Risk factors associated with standing jobs, such as working posture, muscles activity, standing duration, holding time, whole-body vibration, and indoor air quality, were the basis for developing the PSSI. All risk factors were assigned multipliers, and the PSSI was
the product of those multipliers. Recommendations for improvement are based on the PSSI; however, extensive
studies are required to validate their effectiveness. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T19:47:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | utem-3938 |
| institution | Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T19:47:02Z |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publisher | Central Institute for Labour Protection, Poland. |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | utem-39382021-12-23T15:56:32Z http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/3938/ Development of Prolonged Standing Strain Index to Quantify Risk Levels of Standing Jobs Isa, Halim QP Physiology Many occupations in industry such as metal stamping workers, electronics parts assembly operators, automotive industry welders, and lathe operators require working in a standing posture for a long time. Prolonged standing can contribute to discomfort and muscle fatigue particularly in the back and legs. This study developed the prolonged standing strain index (PSSI) to quantify the risk levels caused by standing jobs, and proposed recommendations to minimize the risk levels. Risk factors associated with standing jobs, such as working posture, muscles activity, standing duration, holding time, whole-body vibration, and indoor air quality, were the basis for developing the PSSI. All risk factors were assigned multipliers, and the PSSI was the product of those multipliers. Recommendations for improvement are based on the PSSI; however, extensive studies are required to validate their effectiveness. Central Institute for Labour Protection, Poland. 2012-02-28 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/3938/1/published_article%5B1%5D.pdf Isa, Halim (2012) Development of Prolonged Standing Strain Index to Quantify Risk Levels of Standing Jobs. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics (JOSE), 18 (1). pp. 85-96. ISSN 1080-3548 http://www.ciop.pl/jose |
| spellingShingle | QP Physiology Isa, Halim Development of Prolonged Standing Strain Index to Quantify Risk Levels of Standing Jobs |
| title | Development of Prolonged Standing Strain Index to Quantify Risk Levels of Standing Jobs |
| title_full | Development of Prolonged Standing Strain Index to Quantify Risk Levels of Standing Jobs |
| title_fullStr | Development of Prolonged Standing Strain Index to Quantify Risk Levels of Standing Jobs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of Prolonged Standing Strain Index to Quantify Risk Levels of Standing Jobs |
| title_short | Development of Prolonged Standing Strain Index to Quantify Risk Levels of Standing Jobs |
| title_sort | development of prolonged standing strain index to quantify risk levels of standing jobs |
| topic | QP Physiology |
| url | http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/3938/ http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/3938/ http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/3938/1/published_article%5B1%5D.pdf |